MEMORY
ABOUT OBJECTS
THE MOST IMPORTANT
OF
Jl' ARCH J[TJ!t. C TU J / 1.
TO SIR
MARQUIS
DE MARIGNY;
Confeiller du Roi en fes Confeils, Commander of fes
Orders, Lieutenant-General of the provinces of OrlŽanois
& de Beauce, Governor of the
Blois, Director: eur & authorising officer-General for buildings
of His Majesty, Gardens, Arts, academies, & Manufac-:á
Tures.
gentleman;
V O U s dedicate these memories ; C'efl remind the Public of the
obligations that-you have the Arts: indeed from the miniflere of the
grand Colbert, juf<J, U'au tems where the King ' entrusted you with the admi
E P I T R E.
tin / ration, they had not yet 11U AU/fi Protected & encou ..
today. To tie me here only d What concerns
especially the Archite8ure, we can say qzl she Hey
in some strong regenerated by 'your hay. Hardly ftaes you in
place, that the fonnes captieufes of the Boromini, who threaten to
make forget the precepts of the Perraulr. & Manfard, difurent.
The Architecture took the real road from which it begins
to depart, & one has 11u since that time, the go-O.t antique
spread more and more fan influence fur all parts of
this art.
What Have you not undertaken, Mo N s R E U r, to do
Bloom our architecture Academy & make it useful ! The
number of academicians was increased; the lessons of the Profiffwrs
have multiplied; emulation prices have been established
every month to excite the naiffan talens of the Breeders: & fi 'your
intentions to put cett, mime company of fa dijiingu.er,
following the example of other Academits, through interesting Memoirs,
have not had jufqu ' here all the fucžs plelfrs deserve, C'efl
may good not always work azd!I easily it fi
C01lf0lt.
We have all the more need for good architectural books!ERUs,
that, if not efl the fyjumatic part of the proportions, fur which
we started Volume fi1r volumefans have still been able to agree,
all the efi rejle for ainfi say to deal with. Without cef) � each has.
given in vague speculations, fois en offrant pour modeles,
L; s btimens J. L A-ve executed, EU feulement ddfinŽs,
.á
E P I T R E.
Fon opinion for rule, while the party:
the more useful, the more necessary, the more complete the chitcture,
in a word the conftrueion; barely scratched. !'{y
we have no in-depth work on this subject where I
foit attached d tranfinetter the discoveries that were therejaites fuccef.Ji: vement, ozz one
ignites how one efl managed to apply
the diffi.to economy.fir in important cases :
do we notice that we are still reducing the number of schools , for example?
the continual ignorance where I find myself, of c.. that was done
previously.
If one still confidere the architecture in the Great, One s ' ap..,
perceives that prefq_ue everything y efl also CI raifonner, & that one
saw fans this.ffe the Mason objects, while he eft.the
mvif ager in Philofophe. This is why cities never
summer diflributed Con'venablement for the well-being of their habirans;
perpetually one Y ejt the lifetime of the same plagues , of
bad-cleanliness, bad air, & endless accidensque
the agreement of a judiciously combined LFS plan.T could do DIF paroftre.
I have undertaken, Mo n sr Eu R, to deal in part with these important
subjects: I first examined the conflicution-vicieufe des
Cities, the inconyenians to whom they belong, & how
it is poffible to remedy it: fled I flee tied to take
fuccef [zvement the main conftrueions fur the fact, to collect them
in body, d parallelize those of mime genre, to
motivating people to prefer
what we need to give to the
of all these compa.raifons, I did enforctJ d::
E P I T R E.
deduce principles capable of !uncovering the routines of Conflruckers,
& to put them in a condition not to operate anymore. At these
parallels, F AI attached dwrtations fur more objects indref
fans of the Archice8ure, as well as dijfŽrens de-velopmens d ' edifices
which can contribute to the progress of this Art,
C'efl a-vec the largest farisfaElion, Mo n sr Eu R, que
I pay tribute to you for the fruit of my studies. If they can
deserve the approval of a prote8eur Des Arcs aef!I. enlightened,
11 yourfujfrage will make me a jar guarantor of that of the Public.
have the honor of !tre, with a deep refpeEl,
GENTLEMAN,
Vocre very-humble & uesobeilfaor
fervor,
LEG.
MEMORY
MEMORY
ON
Lá A R C H I T E C T U R E.
C H A P I T R E P R E ..1 I E R.
Confldldlrations fi1r La diflribution vicicuj� des V•llcs, & fur Les
means of reelecting the inconveniences to which theyfound Jujecces.
A R T I C L l!:p R E M I E R.
Attention it is appropriate to brings.r d,ms c!choice of
the cmplac: emenc of a v..ille.
L10ricin of the Archircel: ere fe confuses with that of the world.
The first habirans of the Earth fongerenr truefemb1ab1emcnt
early in fe confirm dwellings capable of
protect from the insults of the air. As they multiply,
the children raised lodgings beside those of their children.
peres, & parens placcrenr their mansions in the, oifinage
of their parents. Such was the origin of little differences..
To
MEMORY
ON
Lá A R C H I T E C T U R E.
C H A P I T R E P R E ..1 I E R.
Confldldlrations fi1r La diflribution vicicuj� des V•llcs, & fur Les
means of reelecting the inconveniences to which theyfound Jujecces.
A R T I C L l!:p R E M I E R.
Attention it is appropriate to brings.r d,ms c!choice of
the cmplac: emenc of a v..ille.
L10ricin of the Archircel: ere fe confuses with that of the world.
The first habirans of the Earth fongerenr truefemb1ab1emcnt
early in fe confirm dwellings capable of
protect from the insults of the air. As they multiply,
the children raised lodgings beside those of their children.
peres, & parens placcrenr their mansions in the, oifinage
of their parents. Such was the origin of little differences..
To
2 DISTRIBUTION'
plades who gave nai1fance to cities, CicŽs, BouF.Gades, aux Hameaux, & c. with cems, the
population is able to
much increased, families furenc forced to fe difperfer
to find new land to cultivate; c'ch ainfi que routes.
parts of the world were fucceffectively inhabited.
Gralfe Earth, trunks & tree branches, furcnc
the first materials. Little by little we worked to make the maifons
more folides; they are confi-ruific of bricks, stones,
marble, & finally we managed to give them elegance, making
their exterior nicer, & their interior more convenient.
We did not bring fans Sweet a lot of accencions to fituer
advantageoufernent Les prernieres habitations. He efi-to believe that the
hafard fcul decided. How we acted!foit fans predict nothing, the
voifinage of a rui!fcau or wood, a pleasant ficuation, or
some raifons of convenience fuffirenc to determine their,
emplaccmens. In less remote rems, we have examples
fenfibles. Romulus lorfqnif he founded the city of Rome, appeared s'em,.
barraffer very little of the goodness of Fon territory. Swamp infeel
croupy!fans, tr: ivcrfeb by a river non navi1pblc, pbcec ink
FEPC mountains, auctrne firnacion Pou Lane be worse choifie
: he looked at her naifemblablcmcnc only as a lair
favorable to cover up the rapines & pillag them..s so
lived the first habicans; however this city efi-become
the metropolis of the world.
Lorfquc a few fishermen from Padua give naiffance to Ia
City of Venife, in confl:ruifanc des b::1raques fu1-piloris in the
lagoons of the Adriatic Gulf, to protect against incursions
Bai bares that undoient Icalia, they have not kept
penfe.- that they cast the foundations of a city that would one day
the dominatrix of the Seas, & during a cems toue the trade
Europe.
C'efi ain.fi that most of the cities have begun: those who
found favorablemcndiruecs, never ONR due only to an ERÑ
Yet cet: E u s E D E S V I T R. l! s. GF hafard. However, your poficion of a Via..
liver arbitrary & indifferent: nte. The choice: from fon location dcrnanderoit
on the contrary intelligence & them !un1icres of the largest
Phuofophes.
If Plaron, lorf he compo.fa Des loix to form an Rtpu ...
blique & make men auffi happy that they could be
in the state of FCS, has voie imagined the plan of a city for fcs
new citizens, it would have wanted the place to be defl:INE for fon
Fain, that the waters run away from it malubrious, that it does not
f�c pas ru,áand damaging winds, fogs or R.. ¥, ¥
exhalaifons pefl: ilentielles, fufc..disease caufcr targets. It
auOE would have sought to fire it in a temperate, remote climate
too hot, too cold, disadvantages
also harmful to the faded. Because cxceffive heat weakens,
irritates bodies, makes them mold, saggy , & unable to fup.
wear great work. In cold countries, on the contrary, although
men paroiffenc Fe wear better, the land dl: arid &
the most uneducated fuvenc, because she does not live fuffifammenc
by the rays of the folds.
This Auroic Philofophe still confidante, as recommended
Vitruvee, Book 1, Chapter 4, the liver of living animals
in the places where he would have planned to build his city. If he
if it appeared that he had been generally livid & corrupt, he
would have concluded that the habirans could be attacked from fernblables
diseases, & that food should not be in vain
in such a country. The nature of waters, fruits & vegetables,
so a bad quality can influence the fancŽ of men,
would not have escaped the scrutiny, as well as the ease of
paths to get to fa New Town. Finally he was obferved
if it was to procure building materials, & to find
in the road haulage roads the foodstuffs needed for food
inhabitants, or at least those who are lacking, can
trre rranfports ..help, liver of any:: S rivieres, liver of any-
A ij
¥
Yet cet: E u s E D E S V I T R. l! s. GF hafard. However, your poficion of a Via..
liver arbitrary & indifferent: nte. The choice: from fon location dcrnanderoit
on the contrary intelligence & them !un1icres of the largest
Phuofophes.
If Plaron, lorf he compo.fa Des loix to form an Rtpu ...
blique & make men auffi happy that they could be
in the state of FCS, has voie imagined the plan of a city for fcs
new citizens, it would have wanted the place to be defl:INE for fon
Fain, that the waters run away from it malubrious, that it does not
f�c pas ru,áand damaging winds, fogs or R.. ¥, ¥
exhalaifons pefl: ilentielles, fufc..disease caufcr targets. It
auOE would have sought to fire it in a temperate, remote climate
too hot, too cold, disadvantages
also harmful to the faded. Because cxceffive heat weakens,
irritates bodies, makes them mold, saggy , & unable to fup.
wear great work. In cold countries, on the contrary, although
men paroiffenc Fe wear better, the land dl: arid &
the most uneducated fuvenc, because she does not live fuffifammenc
by the rays of the folds.
This Auroic Philofophe still confidante, as recommended
Vitruvee, Book 1, Chapter 4, the liver of living animals
in the places where he would have planned to build his city. If he
if it appeared that he had been generally livid & corrupt, he
would have concluded that the habirans could be attacked from fernblables
diseases, & that food should not be in vain
in such a country. The nature of waters, fruits & vegetables,
so a bad quality can influence the fancŽ of men,
would not have escaped the scrutiny, as well as the ease of
paths to get to fa New Town. Finally he was obferved
if it was to procure building materials, & to find
in the road haulage roads the foodstuffs needed for food
inhabitants, or at least those who are lacking, can
trre rranfports ..help, liver of any:: S rivieres, liver of any-
A ij
¥
4 OF THE. D1STRI1'UTION
what little distant sea ports, capable of making in m!time consuming
fon commerce flori1fanr.
Another no less important accencion for a founder
out of town, that would make s'a!furer by Fon fol & fes review
surroundings, fi the place dehine in fon location can be fufceptiblc
from the impreOEons of the Earth tremblemen. We know the
terrible ravages occasioned by this scourge, & how many cities
one of these destroyed by funefres effects. It efr as demonstrated,
what more a cavernous efi place, abundant in mineral springs,
filled with nitre, fol, foufre, & fur-toue pyrites,
more there efi: expofŽ aux cremblemens. In Chile, Peru,
Jamaica, Italy, we notice these chofes. Au!Ii y a-t-il
volcanoes in these lands, & the cremblemens are they fencir
fouvenc. Along the coasts of the sea, the trcmblemens paffent
au!Ii to be more frequent, because the pyrites are wet
more easily by the waters that bathe them fans ceffe. Country
so the fol efr fabloncux, gritty or loamy, do the opposite
little expofed to this scourge.
C'fl: why it fcroic important when founding a city,
to take advantage of all the phyfic connoiffances, to choose
a suitable & free soil if it Fe can from necks the disadvantages
ci-de1fos; but we never brought any similar accencioos:
we acted fans ceffe as fi l1emplacemenc cities could be
indifferent: always these are strange caufcs to the happiness of
l10mmes qu.I have guided in these workbenches; a pa!fagc of importance
to keep, a confluence of Two Rivers, a difficult place
to be infused by the enemy, or favorably fired for trading:
we only rush to political views, & never
to the purpose that one should fo propofer in such cases,
4 OF THE. D1STRI1'UTION
what little distant sea ports, capable of making in m!time consuming
fon commerce flori1fanr.
Another no less important accencion for a founder
out of town, that would make s'a!furer by Fon fol & fes review
surroundings, fi the place dehine in fon location can be fufceptiblc
from the impreOEons of the Earth tremblemen. We know the
terrible ravages occasioned by this scourge, & how many cities
one of these destroyed by funefres effects. It efr as demonstrated,
what more a cavernous efi place, abundant in mineral springs,
filled with nitre, fol, foufre, & fur-toue pyrites,
more there efi: expofŽ aux cremblemens. In Chile, Peru,
Jamaica, Italy, we notice these chofes. Au!Ii y a-t-il
volcanoes in these lands, & the cremblemens are they fencir
fouvenc. Along the coasts of the sea, the trcmblemens paffent
au!Ii to be more frequent, because the pyrites are wet
more easily by the waters that bathe them fans ceffe. Country
so the fol efr fabloncux, gritty or loamy, do the opposite
little expofed to this scourge.
C'fl: why it fcroic important when founding a city,
to take advantage of all the phyfic connoiffances, to choose
a suitable & free soil if it Fe can from necks the disadvantages
ci-de1fos; but we never brought any similar accencioos:
we acted fans ceffe as fi l1emplacemenc cities could be
indifferent: always these are strange caufcs to the happiness of
l10mmes qu.I have guided in these workbenches; a pa!fagc of importance
to keep, a confluence of Two Rivers, a difficult place
to be infused by the enemy, or favorably fired for trading:
we only rush to political views, & never
to the purpose that one should fo propofer in such cases,
V I C I E U S J! D E S
V I r L E ...
A-RTICLE
$ E C O N' D.
In the most advantageous way dijlribuer a city.
MA te re Te the multitude of cities that have been built up jufqu'ici
in parts of the world, it has not yet been stated that
we can really cicer for modclcs. The hafard did not
lessprefidedtotheir generalgibution than to their location. (to)
To be convinced of this, it is necessary only to throw the eyes as they are assembled.,
to see that they are all just clusters of
maifons d..{hibuees fans Order, fans agreement of a rocal plan suitably
raifonnŽ, & that cost the merit of the Capitals
vanreei, don't be stupid.!in a few affcz neighborhoods well built, that in
a few streets lined up, or only in a few monuments
public, recommendable, liver by their maffe, liver by taste
their architecture. Without celfe we will notice that we have everything facri: fi
to greatness, to magnificence, but that we have never done
efforts to provide genuine well-being for men, to
confcrver their lives, their fan TEs, their possessions, & to alforer the fa.lu
- the Brity of the air in their homes.een carefully examining a large city, what traps
first, C'efl: to see cost shares sink the filth in the open
in the streets before fe rendezvous in the egos , &
exhaling in their paffage all forces of bad smells :
on the run c'efi Le fang Des boucheries ruiifelaot in the middle of the streets,
& offering at every step of the EPF&horrible acles & revolts. ID
(to)
Conlbintinoplc cil the city that one ctaltc pofanr. 11 looks rather like a big market town by
the
the plu $ ge1h1ralcmcnc. Placed by the sea, multimdc of janl1ns & trees that fc ttQl!VCt!you
fcs m: ufons s'jlcvcnt en amphicŽ: im: , a 1-dclfus Pelle-m..the with the maifons, that of an
imlcs City
one of the, molts. From Jorn we have ppcr5oit these load-bearing. Its streets are nutty,
poorly drilled.
Hills embellished with Mofqu..cs, & D'ediliccs poorly paved, & touiours extremely poorlyp10confidetablcs,
formant du concl, aá, T au levant prcs: on cil: obligŽ de montager & de ddccndre
a vallc pommt of vžc, which announces avanragcu * fans cdfo, cc which CIL fore
inconvenient. Of garlic
the capital of a great Empire. L\, Foo times their coures Fes maifons FOM built of Q wood..
imericuc ne ...pond nullcwent to, C OUT im-o�auonoe of frequcns fires.
, Drstrrnu'tton
C'efl: a whole neighborhood empefreated by the vuidanges of the latrines: there C'ell
a quantity of turd dumpers that Grab daily
streets to remove garbage, lefqucls, independently
from their tales & disgusts, occalionnenc all full of embarrassments
: further you will obfervere in the center of the busiest places
hospitals & Cimcrieres perpetuating epidemics,
& exhaling in the maifons the germ of diseases & death.
Elsewhere you re-marquerei that the rivers that travcrfenc the cities,
& whose fervent waters from boiffon to the inhabitants, are continually
the receptacle of all the cesspools & of coures the filth,
Sometimes in caufe of the little width of the streets & their difpofition
vicieufe, it will make citizens expofes to be trodden to the:
feet of the horses, or to be crushed by the voicures, which will attract
your attention: finally when it rains you will see everything
a people flooded with a liver & poorly-clean water, coming from the
washing of the co1cs which , by their dificion, multiply the water of heaven a hundredfold.,
or covered with a flood of mud by the trampling of horses
or rolling cars in the streets 1 feaux. In a nutshell
lec: Vill<'c: vonc: will prefer on all sides the day of uncleanness,
infeebon & ill-being.
If this particular objects, one looks higher,
pn will see even greater plagues ; cities plagued by..
flames that devour in an inHant cout neighborhood, & ruin
fans cfpoir the fortunes of the citizens: rivers furmontanc their
edges, flood the CicŽs, ink in the roaifons, degrade them
in their classes, or fubmerger in the
campaigns the ef perance of me.OEons: tremblemen;
to return the best-built cities to their foundations, n
ens, & enfevelir par le4r chute part of their habitans,
Who does not believe, seeing the frightening picture of all these defaf..,
tres, that an evil genius faifanc & enemy of the human race, has not been..
the engine of the meeting of men in the cities ?
,t\irni C'cll so ur,. v. rai, f..rvice to render qu� de r. onrrer jufqu'ˆ
v i c I E u S E o E S V i L L X s. 7what point he believes poflible to remedy so many
disadvantages
to which a long habit has made us somewhat infcnfible
, or that at least she made us look up here
as inseparable from societies.
He cf!: to believe that ft Des macieres auffi importances pour l'humanitŽ
have not been deepened, C'efi because the useful we
escapes prefque always, or rather than we see
fouvcnt Fon execution only through a complication of means
that make it impractical. I propose, by cnvifaging the
objects in the great, VANC fled roads their faces, their reports ,
their differences, their local circumfl: ances, to examine here corn.
it is possible to wax an advantageous part of the elements,-
diree, direct them for the greater use of men, & de
to prevent them from harming the cities. First I'll show
how it fcroic about difpofer a city for happiness
from FES habiraus, what funds means to operate fafalubricŽ, & what
must be the DI{hibution of FES streets to avoid all strong accidens.
Run away I'll show which eft the most advanced way
from pbccr fos egois1rs, to go back fos Waters, & how it cfl: poffiblode con!lruire the
maifons so as to cover them in -'
ccndies; & finally by applying the principles I have established,
I will prove that our cities, some of them
by their phyfic condicuticns, can in many ways be
rcŽl: ifiŽes fui vant mes vues.
To rave nothing lailfcr h, i will give by the leak a theory
as the overflows of the rivers, or we will see by what process,
it should be possible to reduce confidentially , and to stop
part of their funeftes effects: I will examine jufqu ' again..t what point
stone maifons can be cured, by their confirmation8: ion, against
Les fecouifes des-cremblemens de terre: L'imporrancc de ce.. material
demanding to get into extensive difcuffions, I believed from.v
oir the feverish craicer in another part of these memories.
v i c I E u S E o E S V i L L X s. 7what point he believes poflible to remedy so many
disadvantages
to which a long habit has made us somewhat infcnfible
, or that at least she made us look up here
as inseparable from societies.
He cf!: to believe that ft Des macieres auffi importances pour l'humanitŽ
have not been deepened, C'efi because the useful we
escapes prefque always, or rather than we see
fouvcnt Fon execution only through a complication of means
that make it impractical. I propose, by cnvifaging the
objects in the great, VANC fled roads their faces, their reports ,
their differences, their local circumfl: ances, to examine here corn.
it is possible to wax an advantageous part of the elements,-
diree, direct them for the greater use of men, & de
to prevent them from harming the cities. First I'll show
how it fcroic about difpofer a city for happiness
from FES habiraus, what funds means to operate fafalubricŽ, & what
must be the DI{hibution of FES streets to avoid all strong accidens.
Run away I'll show which eft the most advanced way
from pbccr fos egois1rs, to go back fos Waters, & how it cfl: poffiblode con!lruire the
maifons so as to cover them in -'
ccndies; & finally by applying the principles I have established,
I will prove that our cities, some of them
by their phyfic condicuticns, can in many ways be
rcŽl: ifiŽes fui vant mes vues.
To rave nothing lailfcr h, i will give by the leak a theory
as the overflows of the rivers, or we will see by what process,
it should be possible to reduce confidentially , and to stop
part of their funeftes effects: I will examine jufqu ' again..t what point
stone maifons can be cured, by their confirmation8: ion, against
Les fecouifes des-cremblemens de terre: L'imporrancc de ce.. material
demanding to get into extensive difcuffions, I believed from.v
oir the feverish craicer in another part of these memories.
8 of the DISTRIBUaTIOaN
¤. I. Dij'pofition of a city.
After having so choifi l: mp1
acemcnc of a city, having regard to
to the phyfic raifons explained above, which pcuvcm become
by neglecting them as many caufes ddhuŽh-iccs de -: fos habitans ,
& have reconciled it with the raifons of convLn, nec which can
give rise to FA Foundation, the best manicre of 1a difpofer,
efl: fans contradict in a plain, at the confluenc of two rivers
navigable, or right & left of a large
river that rraverfe from the east to the West. Cerce pofition nononly
feroic
the import of food from the habiraos,
but still contribueroic, to caufe of the current of fon water, to the falul > ricŽ
air.
He wouldn't. Cooking me, H delirious that a confidante capital
& comrner'ante f�c confuuice fur the seaside with
a pig, it would be better if it were difl: ante of a few leagues ,
like the c!L: Bordeaux * Rouen, Lifbonne, London, &c. or
as the ecoir :rnrrefoic: Achcnes. f: ar, ainfi qn¥ * the rem: irq11e Plutarch
(a) in the life of Themi!l: ocles, in case of remoteness
from pyre to cerce dernicre CicŽ, there must be a certain
di!l: ance to remove from a large city, the license that Reigns
Qrdinairemct1t in ports: it fuffit quo the port puiffe be fecouru
by the City, fans that the right order of it fouffre.
The outer form of an efl City: of itself a!fez in<l
ifti!rentc: this is the most or least stress of the fol which
must decide, as well as the nomb,: c: de Fes habitans who can determine
Fon pregnant. If, however, the Earth permitted it, it
feroic to fouhaircr that one pttt l. I give to the outside the figure to littleclose,
foit of an exagon.., liver of an OEL: ogone, so that fes
diffc:: rens Quai tiers fuffem plus rama!Fes, fe comrnuniqua!fent
better, that there was less far cj.'uoe �..cremity to each other, & that
(to)
jut, iatheaufr. pag. do,
,
V i C I E u S E D E S V i L L E s?
the police could practice more easily. On cnvironneroir, in
Fon pourcour, of four rows of trees; favor, of a great
driveway for cars, & two comre-allŽcs for fcrvir de
walk.
Beyond these rows of trees, we confl: ruiroit Les Fauxburgs,
where would all the groffi::: Rs crafts be rejected, & the bows that producifenc
lots of smells & bruie, such as Tanneries, Triperiese,
the marshals, the Taillandiers, the Blanchiffeufes, áthe
Hotels where we take public cars, &c.
The slaughter of butchers and their maple trees
to these places, that herds of oxen should not flee.
fenc not fans ceffe forced to cross the city, where they occafionnenc
embarrassment by their pa1Tage. Regardless of whether these oxen
they interrupt the circulation of cars, they sometimes difperfenc
in the streets, inked in the shops, spread terror,
& caufeoc du dŽfordrrc.
A channel of 2,; feet in width at least surrounderoic the suburbs,
& communicate with the river that craverferoic the city,
both to Fon entrŽe and to f forcie. By this dif poficion the air Fe
obviously renewed fans ceffe in the periphery & in the
centre. To wash the cesspools, which he will do thatfl: ion by leakage,
on placcroic, fur the edges of this channel, difterens reforvoirs ¥ * in
the use of hydraulic machinery for the treatment of high water levels,
or that one empliroic, fi do fe can, by diffŽ1 * enccs scattered sources
in the vicinity of the city, & that one would do enforcc to bring,
liver through aqueducts, liver through ducts, or rather in
combining with each other. It is right to keep imitating the
ancient Romans, who lavished the spoils for the execution
of these strong works. Instead of just raising
aqueducts in valleys to carry the water of the fommec of a
mountain to another, & run away from the laiffer sink by FA pence
natural in ducts or ducts up to the place of FL:INE,
they conftruify prefque coujours Des ar, Ades continuous to large
B
V i C I E u S E D E S V i L L E s?
the police could practice more easily. On cnvironneroir, in
Fon pourcour, of four rows of trees; favor, of a great
driveway for cars, & two comre-allŽcs for fcrvir de
walk.
Beyond these rows of trees, we confl: ruiroit Les Fauxburgs,
where would all the groffi::: Rs crafts be rejected, & the bows that producifenc
lots of smells & bruie, such as Tanneries, Triperiese,
the marshals, the Taillandiers, the Blanchiffeufes, áthe
Hotels where we take public cars, &c.
The slaughter of butchers and their maple trees
to these places, that herds of oxen should not flee.
fenc not fans ceffe forced to cross the city, where they occafionnenc
embarrassment by their pa1Tage. Regardless of whether these oxen
they interrupt the circulation of cars, they sometimes difperfenc
in the streets, inked in the shops, spread terror,
& caufeoc du dŽfordrrc.
A channel of 2,; feet in width at least surrounderoic the suburbs,
& communicate with the river that craverferoic the city,
both to Fon entrŽe and to f forcie. By this dif poficion the air Fe
obviously renewed fans ceffe in the periphery & in the
centre. To wash the cesspools, which he will do thatfl: ion by leakage,
on placcroic, fur the edges of this channel, difterens reforvoirs ¥ * in
the use of hydraulic machinery for the treatment of high water levels,
or that one empliroic, fi do fe can, by diffŽ1 * enccs scattered sources
in the vicinity of the city, & that one would do enforcc to bring,
liver through aqueducts, liver through ducts, or rather in
combining with each other. It is right to keep imitating the
ancient Romans, who lavished the spoils for the execution
of these strong works. Instead of just raising
aqueducts in valleys to carry the water of the fommec of a
mountain to another, & run away from the laiffer sink by FA pence
natural in ducts or ducts up to the place of FL:INE,
they conftruify prefque coujours Des ar, Ades continuous to large
B
10 D E L A D I S T R I .B U T I O N
fresh from the source of these waters juf that on arrival. They faifo1cnt
at about the same time we saw him practice the last fiecle,,
when running Marly's machine. Water when raised
at the height of the adolfed courtyard at the aqueduct, he no longer agiffoic
what lai!iron defccndre of this tower by ducts naturally costs
until Vqrfaillc.. ; instead of CC medium fimple &
Economic, we e!the fucking bird!h-uire a long line of arcades
with the greatest depend, so the ufage no fc can guess, &
which make a perfect uselessness for the bue that one s'efi propofŽ.
Beyond the suburbs would be placed in high places
& well ventilated, cemeteries & hospitals; because corruption
who Strong of these places, infcel: e air & waters. Although this
in fcehon does NOT liver fenfiblc first, it does not page from O uirc to
fancŽ, en faiGnc concraŽl: er h nos corps peu-ˆ-peu de mauva•fc,
qualities, which one attt * ibuc wrong-about to other influences.
To deign the fire cauics, & clear the qu:us
- Costs those piles of wood, inconvenient which offufqucnc their Vue
& embarrassment1.: on public roads, it is necessary to place the
construction sites outside the city: by cc moren, instead of doing the
C. omercc of bots, from the centre to the circumference, it would
opposite of the circumference in the center.
These Falseburgs traversed by roads, would lead from coures
parks in the city, dom les portes': innonccroicnc by De magnifi
what triumphal arches, erected in honor of those who would have
well deserved d1.- the state, or who would have glorified it:.t!femenc gou, * ernŽ.
Pl: TCE a: 1x entries of a\, ille, these monuucns would hit the
Etran; - ers, & concribueroicnr h give them a great idea of
h N arion, by retracing them fa glory. A prcs ces arc' > - cL-crioM
phe, it is striking that we find a place half-OEL: ogone or
semi-circulaixc, breakthrough of streets leading thereto;.nt of necks sides,
& who ft.the objectives of the project are to:.: ts incŽrcffans, reis que des
Fon: groins, des: iir,IU!the, fl: acucs pedcHrcs or equ1,.;fires , &
dc: s b‰cimens p-iblics. The cntri: c d� Rome P. 1r La Porte du Peu
V t CI Ji: u s Jt (I) B s V t L t E .¥¥ II
plc, efi to-roughly difpofec in this way, & produces the most
great effect.
For the beauty of a city, it is not only el!e foit
breakthrough with the exael: eymmecrie of the cities of Japan or China,
& that this liver always a square, or parallelogram affcmblage
; the effentiel, as I have die elsewhere (a), efl: that
it is easy for us to get around, whether there are enough outlets or not.
from one district to another for the cranfport Des marchandives, & la li..
Bre circulacion des voitures, & que Fini Fes excr�micŽs pu”ffenc fe dŽgager
from the center to the �irconference fans confofion. It fits fur..
cost of avoiding monotony & too great uniformity in the di[..
total tribute of Fon plan, but to affeeler on the contrary of the variety
& du contrafle in the forms, so that cous differens
wards do not resemble each other. The V oyagcur must not cost
apperceiving at a glance, it is necessary that he liver cclTe fans attracted to
interesting sides, & by a pleasant mix of places,
public buildings & maifons parciculicres.
As for the width of the streets of a city , & the elevation of fes
maifons, we must have a climate where we build. In countries
cold & tempered, it efr about making them wider & more
ffacieufes only in hot countries, & auili to hold their buildings
lower. This larger width will make the foleil
will penetrate everywhere more easily, will warm maifons more,
in difŸpera moisture, & will provide them with more lomieres.
Moreover wide streets faci1iccnc paffagc of cars, make
less fujecces to embarrassments, & more allow to discover
the beauty as well as the extent of buildings, temples & palaces,
¥
who make the ornament of cities.
On the contrary, in a hot climate, the buildings must be
narrow streets(b), in order to temper the cha¥
them by the great shadow that the maifons porcenc, which Wherecontributes
..(A) monuments erected at Louis XV, rage 1u., (h.) Palladio, liv. J , chap, :.,
B ij
(2. D E L A D I S T R I B U T I O N
Fanta. After the Great Fire of Rome, Nero reconfirmed:.
destroy the streets wider than before, in the delfein to make
this city more beautiful; but, tacit remark, she found it
then more expofed to the imprints of great heat, which the
made it much less vain.
By the same rafons, not so many openings and
believe a building in a warm country than in a cold country,
in order to maintain in the lodges a certain freshness.
For the difpoficion of the streets, it is not necessary to imitate Babylon,
of which maifons must be ifoliated with ploughed land ,
& the spacious gardens that were attached to it, which gave this
City an immenfe circuit (a). It also does not faudroic take
to model the cities of China, including the streets, whatever affez
wide, have the most slit only one rcz.- dc-heated. It does not:
doubtful that these arrangements make cities extremely vafte
, & give them more appearance than real size.
All our major European capitals, Paris, Lyon, Vcnife,
Naples, Whose streets make narrow fore, & maifons high
up to five & fix floors, which in general makes these cities; unhealthy,
do not deserve more fervor of examples. What
the Chinese penfenc of the little width of our streets, & of the elevation
from our maifons EFT regularly curious. ,) When they see
>J the description of our buildings or the efiamps that represent them>)
these lodges, these high pavilions marry them.
boast; they look at our streets comnle dug paths
(a)its plan, as the HiltoricM report states, & of the arable land. The Euphratc who tr3VH *
oetoitun perfect square, donccbaquec™reavoa liver Babylon from North to South, have only
one
fŸ, leagues. Its walls avoicnc,.. fire coiCes! bridge of 104 roiCcs of length fur 1 t0ifcs
paiffcur fur 50 feet of elevation: cites ecoicnt width. Its starry docks lined with muraildc
bricks & surrounded by a vafre fotrŽ brick rem-les, in lcfqucllcs ecoic drilled water fold. Each
side of this Square have twenty-one porce in front of each street to facilitate
five gates, abou111Tam by auram from streets to the paJ”age of water in Tubs. On pcuc
judging
doors on the opposite side ; C'cll: - a-dirc, that how much the extent gi..ancfque d'une
pareilleVille Žtoic compof�c de cinqu: tme grandes rue \ ' ille devoH rendre d1tlicdc la
communication
who this couroienc right angle. A droirc & a between these liab1rans, rant pour Jeurs bcloius
jourgauche
from these streets eroicm d1frribuŽes Les mai-nalicrs qnc for business civiks: C'Žcoir llll
ions, who run!toicnc (Žpar<ics par des J:irqins v,,Ÿ vqyagc d'allc1 d'un quJrcicr :i l':iuc,C.
(2. D E L A D I S T R I B U T I O N
Fanta. After the Great Fire of Rome, Nero reconfirmed:.
destroy the streets wider than before, in the delfein to make
this city more beautiful; but, tacit remark, she found it
then more expofed to the imprints of great heat, which the
made it much less vain.
By the same rafons, not so many openings and
believe a building in a warm country than in a cold country,
in order to maintain in the lodges a certain freshness.
For the difpoficion of the streets, it is not necessary to imitate Babylon,
of which maifons must be ifoliated with ploughed land ,
& the spacious gardens that were attached to it, which gave this
City an immenfe circuit (a). It also does not faudroic take
to model the cities of China, including the streets, whatever affez
wide, have the most slit only one rcz.- dc-heated. It does not:
doubtful that these arrangements make cities extremely vafte
, & give them more appearance than real size.
All our major European capitals, Paris, Lyon, Vcnife,
Naples, Whose streets make narrow fore, & maifons high
up to five & fix floors, which in general makes these cities; unhealthy,
do not deserve more fervor of examples. What
the Chinese penfenc of the little width of our streets, & of the elevation
from our maifons EFT regularly curious. ,) When they see
>J the description of our buildings or the efiamps that represent them>)
these lodges, these high pavilions marry them.
boast; they look at our streets comnle dug paths
(a)its plan, as the HiltoricM report states, & of the arable land. The Euphratc who tr3VH *
oetoitun perfect square, donccbaquec™reavoa liver Babylon from North to South, have only
one
fŸ, leagues. Its walls avoicnc,.. fire coiCes! bridge of 104 roiCcs of length fur 1 t0ifcs
paiffcur fur 50 feet of elevation: cites ecoicnt width. Its starry docks lined with muraildc
bricks & surrounded by a vafre fotrŽ brick rem-les, in lcfqucllcs ecoic drilled water fold. Each
side of this Square have twenty-one porce in front of each street to facilitate
five gates, abou111Tam by auram from streets to the paJ”age of water in Tubs. On pcuc
judging
doors on the opposite side ; C'cll: - a-dirc, that how much the extent gi..ancfque d'une
pareilleVille Žtoic compof�c de cinqu: tme grandes rue \ ' ille devoH rendre d1tlicdc la
communication
who this couroienc right angle. A droirc & a between these liab1rans, rant pour Jeurs bcloius
jourgauche
from these streets eroicm d1frribuŽes Les mai-nalicrs qnc for business civiks: C'Žcoir llll
ions, who run!toicnc (Žpar<ics par des J:irqins v,,Ÿ vqyagc d'allc1 d'un quJrcicr :i l':iuc,C.
V i c I E U S E D E S V R L L E s: lj,, in terrible mountains, & nos ma.: yews like rocks
N at a loss of vt1e, drilled holes, as well as Bear dwellings
"&other ferocious beasts. Our floors fur-all accumulated one
,, as others bet them unstoppable. They do not include
"not how one can laugh[quer of fc caffer the pass a hundred times the
"joure, climbing our degrees, to fe surrender to a quacrieme
"or fifth floor. Emperor Canghi difoit, seeing the
,:, plan of our European maifons, it is necessary that Europe liver a
"very small country, very miferable, puifq U'there is no affez de ter"
to expand the cities, & that one efl: forced to live there in
" air. (to)
Between the excess in which the Chinese fall, not makingchild
a heated ground floor, & the prodigieufe elevacion of the maifons of
our main cities, there are fans doubt a middle. In a climate
temperate, it can fuffuáC to give 40 to GB feet in width
to the streets, & to raise the built mens about three floors. I
difpcnfe to say more for the prefenc, whereas I infif.
terai to this fujet by flight.
In a new city, you'd have to keep a lot of fouffi-ir
that one builds rnaifons as bridges, as one notices
mainly in Paris. This most damaging efi abuse
h La fancŽ Des habicans; for the air that surrounds a river
continually renewed by Fon courant, he flees that
this current carries with it the exhalaifons that elcvenc daily
filth<: from a big city. The maifons
placed as the bridges, stop this free flow of air &
Fon renewal, fans expect that they remove the approval of a
vže extent, & they are running fouYent rifque of being rcnverfŽcs
with bridges, during water breakdowns or after forces
frosts, as well as we have seen examples of them funefies.
It is not necessary to indicate which place to assign to the
(a)volume XXVII of the Lcme..-fdifiantcs 6t cu.oc11”cs; letter from the Frcrc attracting.
. ..
' the
V i c I E U S E D E S V R L L E s: lj,, in terrible mountains, & nos ma.: yews like rocks
N at a loss of vt1e, drilled holes, as well as Bear dwellings
"&other ferocious beasts. Our floors fur-all accumulated one
,, as others bet them unstoppable. They do not include
"not how one can laugh[quer of fc caffer the pass a hundred times the
"joure, climbing our degrees, to fe surrender to a quacrieme
"or fifth floor. Emperor Canghi difoit, seeing the
,:, plan of our European maifons, it is necessary that Europe liver a
"very small country, very miferable, puifq U'there is no affez de ter"
to expand the cities, & that one efl: forced to live there in
" air. (to)
Between the excess in which the Chinese fall, not makingchild
a heated ground floor, & the prodigieufe elevacion of the maifons of
our main cities, there are fans doubt a middle. In a climate
temperate, it can fuffuáC to give 40 to GB feet in width
to the streets, & to raise the built mens about three floors. I
difpcnfe to say more for the prefenc, whereas I infif.
terai to this fujet by flight.
In a new city, you'd have to keep a lot of fouffi-ir
that one builds rnaifons as bridges, as one notices
mainly in Paris. This most damaging efi abuse
h La fancŽ Des habicans; for the air that surrounds a river
continually renewed by Fon courant, he flees that
this current carries with it the exhalaifons that elcvenc daily
filth<: from a big city. The maifons
placed as the bridges, stop this free flow of air &
Fon renewal, fans expect that they remove the approval of a
vže extent, & they are running fouYent rifque of being rcnverfŽcs
with bridges, during water breakdowns or after forces
frosts, as well as we have seen examples of them funefies.
It is not necessary to indicate which place to assign to the
(a)volume XXVII of the Lcme..-fdifiantcs 6t cu.oc11”cs; letter from the Frcrc attracting.
. ..
' the
.DB T. A DISTR.IB
UTI01t
J,4
preference for public monuments in the construction of a building..
Efl: to their of.A: ination to make the places suitable for them slash
the mieuxe, as well as their extent. There are some that need to be placed
for the banks of the river: others at the edge of a city, others
in the center, others finally repartif ' dans fes different neighborhoods.
The eifemicl efr point of envifager in their location,
their ufage, convenience or the befoins of the habirans, & fur-wheel
to make enforte to give, to those who must be the most frŽ ...
quencŽs, lots of clearings.
It would be necessary for markets, for example, to avoid inconveniences
that we notice in the majority of those of our cities
from Europe. They always make places that degrade them. There
pluparc make small, poorly ficuŽs , poorly built, & fans outlets. The most
fouvent merchants are expofed there with their goods to insults
from the air, & fc find confused p..lc-m�lc with cars.
On the contrary, in Turkey, the
L>azards make it ornament, & make Stone castings with por¥
ticks: they are announced by vafres & long illuminated galleries
rar dec; cl™mec;, 01'i lec; marchandifcs & les produits de tOQtcs cfpeccs
make covered against rain & heat. (to)
The mulriplicicŽ of the fountains would still be one of the ornaments of
our city; they would give it an air of life & contribute
to FA cleanliness. After pouring abundantly into fes
different quarries, in the palaces, in the squares, in the gardens
public, & in the main crossroads, their waters flow
wash the sewers, & cncraineroienc fans ce1fe their filth.
(.t) there are no comparable to these buildings erranger, we fice where to meet him, begin
whether caravanCcrails or public hotels have FCS news, comuicnr fc procure
for EC.rangcrs; CC foot Des b‰tinicns Cpades
correfpond11nccs. It is recommended that the
cicux, well built, Cncrccenus Couvcnc aux depolice
from our cities gagncroic to de fcmblables
pens of the Sovereign. There are some, non-feulemenc
establishfcmens. They feroicnc fans conrrcdit predans
l: S cities, but still fur the great ferables at this mulcitudc of hotels & chamJourcs.
They sometimes ignore vafies, he Bres garnies, < > where Wheel the world.. e / l: confused¥
y fear to lodge up to believe foreigners. In
& q1u fervent Convent of reuaicc in d�s I; �en.
the cities conliderablcs, each nacion has Con dom public order dcmandcroit que lc: s;
1Žhon&
q. ravanfcrail: by that each CC rcuve with
fujlem lit.
fc, corupaaiotcs: li l'on a alfaitc / 1. Some
V i c I E u S E de s V i L E s. 11if it is not Rome, I do not make any city suitably approved
in this respect.
There are two forces of little-known public buildings, that
I would challenge who fulfenc established in the city in quefiion.
The first ferviroic to secure the fortunes of citizens,
& titles that confracenc their state, their ficuacion. This would be a
common chartrier where notaries of the place & surroundings,
should be required to carry a shipment of necks to their aŽl:es.
This building is being erected in a ifolŽ location, & que
one would be confident in the shelter of the fire, fcroit as an efece of fanccuaire
for the public fury of all families. By putting
the necessary order, we can confuse these titles in all rems..
with promptness & inexpensively. This establishment takes place in Florence,
& eft of the greatest utility.
The fccond auroic for confiruirc drink in the different crossroads,
common places for lcsebefoins pa!fan. We practice.
roic in each, clean taps.D, to fafre drain
promptly marieres, & prevent bad smell. Help
de c..- s Žt.ibŸffc .. mc..uá,, il:, " cufuiu * oir que les dehors des grands murs,
& fur-toue temples, so one NCD should approach only with refpcfr,
do not treat this as an infective excreta. We don't
see nothing fembbble in our European Vilks. N2ples eH:
main..menc an example of the most fcnfibles jufqu'ot1 can go lamal-cleanliness & lynfeelion.
The courts of the palaces & Iiorc.ls, the
porches of the maifon: - p. iniculi..:rcs & kur:. pallt:: rs, font aur..Ult de
containers to the needs of pa{fans.
Regardless of whether such abuses corrupt the:: ir of a
City, what indecency n'c!l-this not to see from.; all parts <.fan
of ... s auoe Capitals policed as Paris, London, L \ fad1 id & others,
the habirans publicly fair in the streets their necdi, d at the
view of courtyard the world, & fe show in broad daylight, prcfque to
ch.1.1 in the eyes of the European Parliament
to honesty., & who do not revolt mo: ins the bicn!Nance that the
V i c I E u S E de s V i L E s. 11if it is not Rome, I do not make any city suitably approved
in this respect.
There are two forces of little-known public buildings, that
I would challenge who fulfenc established in the city in quefiion.
The first ferviroic to secure the fortunes of citizens,
& titles that confracenc their state, their ficuacion. This would be a
common chartrier where notaries of the place & surroundings,
should be required to carry a shipment of necks to their aŽl:es.
This building is being erected in a ifolŽ location, & que
one would be confident in the shelter of the fire, fcroit as an efece of fanccuaire
for the public fury of all families. By putting
the necessary order, we can confuse these titles in all rems..
with promptness & inexpensively. This establishment takes place in Florence,
& eft of the greatest utility.
The fccond auroic for confiruirc drink in the different crossroads,
common places for lcsebefoins pa!fan. We practice.
roic in each, clean taps.D, to fafre drain
promptly marieres, & prevent bad smell. Help
de c..- s Žt.ibŸffc .. mc..uá,, il:, " cufuiu * oir que les dehors des grands murs,
& fur-toue temples, so one NCD should approach only with refpcfr,
do not treat this as an infective excreta. We don't
see nothing fembbble in our European Vilks. N2ples eH:
main..menc an example of the most fcnfibles jufqu'ot1 can go lamal-cleanliness & lynfeelion.
The courts of the palaces & Iiorc.ls, the
porches of the maifon: - p. iniculi..:rcs & kur:. pallt:: rs, font aur..Ult de
containers to the needs of pa{fans.
Regardless of whether such abuses corrupt the:: ir of a
City, what indecency n'c!l-this not to see from.; all parts <.fan
of ... s auoe Capitals policed as Paris, London, L \ fad1 id & others,
the habirans publicly fair in the streets their necdi, d at the
view of courtyard the world, & fe show in broad daylight, prcfque to
ch.1.1 in the eyes of the European Parliament
to honesty., & who do not revolt mo: ins the bicn!Nance that the
J(, D E
L A D I S T R I D U T I O N
modesty. In Confl: antinoplc we give the bafl: onade to anyone
CFT furpris make FCS befoins on the streets. To the Great C: iire,..
Damascus & in all these places we look like barbarians,
we don't care about femblablc.
Although this is a strong stranger to my fujet, I do not
then again stop me from noticing another fpeel: acle that does not efl:
no less striking in the most Horiffances cities, C'fl: do
meet in the squares & in the busiest places,
a multitude of inconvenient n1endians that bleffent the view of
paffans at every step, by strong coures of ulccres & wounds they
skin affeel: ation to excite the. charity; jufqucs d:i.ns the
Eglifcs, they interrupt cclfe fans the piety of the faithful. Police
should focus on suppressing these abuses, which seem to make streets
& public places , a traveling Hospital. What does cnferme-R-on
cous these eftropies & these poor in ma1fons or they fcroienc
infights to piety & work? Tl n'fl: not impoffible to make
the most impotent people peculiar to de u;.rcains types of works,
able to support those who care for them. There are works
where only p1t: ch, <l'..1uu'-:, J..:, 111.iiru. ('- '), I saw a
Man fans feet, & having only one hand, earn Fon pain to
pull the diaphragm of a fouffiet of forge. We can hold my..
gafin of all the small works that fc feroienc in hospitals,
do1n selling fuffiroit to make them live together. C'ef
what difcnc since long-rems cous Les ciroyens. Envain a-t-on
made in fujct cc number of fages setcmcos, they always do refted
fans execution.
¤. II. Decoration of a city.
To decorate a city with convenience, it wouldbe about
that each building force was treated in a manner relating to
fa defl: inacion, imitac1on of the ancient Greek cities. The
( 4)
We could on the example of the Chinese all rncndians & those who do not auroicur
making arm mills for grinding grain, from aurrcs rc: Jfources for living, fcro1cnt rcnu1
* o the l1;ibliJfaoc in ltc1U �qnvcnablcs; to go there uavaillcr * crazy.s }>(lllC of punmon.
Rnaifons
'l x c r E u s F. D E s V r L r. E s. r7
maifons individuals would be decorated fimplemmcm, & fan.,
columns: on the contrary, we would preserve all the rich flowers of the Archel: ure
for palaces, temples & public buildings& C'eft
what the ancients callenc puhlicam mag11ificentiarn. Indeed
is it decent that the maifon of a particular fimplc, however rich he livers, furpaffc, or equal in
magnificence, the abode of the Supreme Ecre, those of the Princes & of the :\1iniHres? Don't
you agree with the ranks and the states? We want these palaces ain!I multiplied indifl: inŽl:
cmenc, faffcnc honoureurˆ une Ville; they degrade it much more, remarks Cicero ( .z),efi one
wants to judge fainemcnte, because they are the corrupt, enelui making the luxury & the
fafrc nŽceffaire, by the fompruofu:e desemeubles 1 & by other ornemens that demand a
b‰timentefoperbe , fans and the great expences they require,e&, which lead to roujours audelh
means of Individuals,efont fouvenc the caufe of the ruin of families,ed the way it eft a
mistake to believe that the profufion of ornemens
raise the beauty of the Archel: ere: she night there more than she
don't fert. The beautiful effentiel of cec arc, confifl: E mainly in
regularity, proportion, & order. A building eH all the more-.
nice that it contains more of these reports, &
that costs FCS paroiffenc parts better suit enfomblee, so much
that of this assembly it refoltc a general harmony which
enchants the eyes.
I will not stop giving rules laying down the difl: ri..
bucion parriculicrc of each building; difiribucion which varies
foivant Les climats, fuivanc Les perfonnes, fuivant Les diffŽrences
confiicutions & Les ufages Des gouvernemens. A Turkish building
must not be digributed as a Chinese building or Fran..ois, ni
a building coufiruit fools the line I as if it were raised in the
North. There is an Archicel: local urc, or rather an arrangement
(a)Liv. i , de offic. n. JJ ,,
'l x c r E u s F. D E s V r L r. E s. r7
maifons individuals would be decorated fimplemmcm, & fan.,
columns: on the contrary, we would preserve all the rich flowers of the Archel: ure
for palaces, temples & public buildings& C'eft
what the ancients callenc puhlicam mag11ificentiarn. Indeed
is it decent that the maifon of a particular fimplc, however rich he livers, furpaffc, or equal in
magnificence, the abode of the Supreme Ecre, those of the Princes & of the :\1iniHres? Don't
you agree with the ranks and the states? We want these palaces ain!I multiplied indifl: inŽl:
cmenc, faffcnc honoureurˆ une Ville; they degrade it much more, remarks Cicero ( .z),efi one
wants to judge fainemcnte, because they are the corrupt, enelui making the luxury & the
fafrc nŽceffaire, by the fompruofu:e desemeubles 1 & by other ornemens that demand a
b‰timentefoperbe , fans and the great expences they require,e&, which lead to roujours audelh
means of Individuals,efont fouvenc the caufe of the ruin of families,ed the way it eft a
mistake to believe that the profufion of ornemens
raise the beauty of the Archel: ere: she night there more than she
don't fert. The beautiful effentiel of cec arc, confifl: E mainly in
regularity, proportion, & order. A building eH all the more-.
nice that it contains more of these reports, &
that costs FCS paroiffenc parts better suit enfomblee, so much
that of this assembly it refoltc a general harmony which
enchants the eyes.
I will not stop giving rules laying down the difl: ri..
bucion parriculicrc of each building; difiribucion which varies
foivant Les climats, fuivanc Les perfonnes, fuivant Les diffŽrences
confiicutions & Les ufages Des gouvernemens. A Turkish building
must not be digributed as a Chinese building or Fran..ois, ni
a building coufiruit fools the line I as if it were raised in the
North. There is an Archicel: local urc, or rather an arrangement
(a)Liv. i , de offic. n. JJ ,,