The ARCHITECTURE�SCULPTURE>
OF�PAINTING, And other Arts that depend on them.
The�I V RE P R E M I E R.
OF�The.A.RCHJTECTVRE .
CHAPTER�FIRST .
Of�t. Archite�i-ureen general.

1~-~~�I IN the Ball:imens foient confi.' derez between the first�works of men , the Archite�ture nevertheless not efl-not a�Arts the oldest.�It was like all other foibi�s�starts~ens, & not dl: perfe�tionn�e Has
z�ARCHITECTURE, that has been pres a long ufage.�First it was�of n1a�.fons for the.neceffit�; & as the�first hom ... my changeoient fouvent of remains s , they do not fe�mettoient not worth the time, ny the beauty of�their homes.�But because in the fair ch::icun sought to�settle in a country particular, we penfa to.�bafrir au� of logemens more foHdes for refiller to insults�the temp s. Enfi11le luxury exten.as widespread parmy the�The Nations most puiffantes & the most rich, the one desired�beauty & magnificence in the buildings ; & in�obfervant of which can contribute the most to the folidic�,�the com.modit� & to beauc�,we�fitdes rules, & we formed an Art to baH:ir, that we�called Archite�lure,
& Archite�lesceux that the poffedent parfaite1nent.
The�name Archite�l:ure fedonne sometimes to the book�mefme, auffi well as fcien" of baf.shooting.�Ainlil'onditqu'a man has made a beautiful mor.cwater of Archite�l:ure-,of�mefme that he is said to efr f�avant in the Art�of Archite�l:ure.
The Archite�re�felon the idea that Vitruvius gives , must have a notion�general of all cho.fes neceffaires� the perfel�ion�d�a edifice.�This efi: to say that�it must poffeder�eminently the Theory of all the other Arts that have report�with the Illumination.rure , not grinding to form the deffeins of�chofes that we want to exccuter, but pourjuger enco~ er of the goodness�of the materials, make the choice, & finally prefidfr as all�other Workers like the maifhe abfolu of all the work, what�lignifie ~u. ffi the name of Archice�re..

L I V E R PR E M I E�R. J
The�Former avoienc as we both have strong Ar.chire�l:ure; one�that is called Civil and the other Military.�shut up.�The first that they�have practiced, dl:the meline, therefore it is still leaking to�prefenc the rules in the necks of the ed1fices public & private�; & the other rc.file with the fortification of the seat of war, has�changed, a caufc of the 1naniere difference on which one the attack�, & so we are defending today, huy.�In the a & in�the other one must conlidcrcr the chofes najaf.. fa1res� the�fohdic� of the book: but in respect of re.rules�which relate to the fym1netrie, & the form excc.rieurc, they are�differences one from the other, as they do in peace & war,�aufquelles cesdeux ma.-:�n1eres of bafbr have report. ..
The�premierc chofe that we obferve in the bafi:i.: mens, dl: the�ficuation of the place, that the efr-to-dirc-and it should be choiGr a place�in a beautiful expofition, fain & convenient for leseaux, &�for any cc that efr do.celfaire to life: What Alexander�ficbien out to Dmocrace, which propofoic to this Prince�to make all the 1nonc Athos, the figure of a man, which the hand�left ciendroit a big City, & of the right cup that�receive the water of all the rivers which flow from this�mountain to the verfer in the sea.�Because Alexander after�taken plaifir to the novelty of this invention, luy�of.manda, if there had been campaigns in the vicinity of this City that�pufienc provide quoy make fub.fifter, & having f�eu�he would have had to bring food by sea, lo grinding the�beauty of the deffein , but dice&proved the choice that�the Archite�l:eavoir
Has�ij

4�OF THE ARCHITECTURE;
fact�place oil prctendoit execute it. �
Enfuite�we made a heap of materials that fe act1.concrent in the country ,�or we can have garlic.their ; because there are places, oles�stones, the fable, & wood are the best & most specific to�bafrir other.
It�appearance that the pren1iers man's isp.fant their maifons that�for the neceflit�, they do ef.toient strictly that of the hut�s; but enfinl'Arc of Carpentry, which has efr� pluitofr in�ufage as this.luy of cutting the stones, began to�give them some shape.�Because we see that all the members�chell Archite�ture do that reprefentan one of the pieces of�wood neccffaires to the firu�ture of a bafl:i -� *�ment; And that the most f�avans Archite�tcs have done�for ell:abltr a way to have some well bafiir, has cfr��principale1nent to provide all of the advantage es of a maifon, of�give them the strength & the folidit�, fclon their�size ; of the difpofer inside & out, with such a�convenience & such iymmetrie, that there eufr a report&.�a jufl:c proportion of each other, both for 1acom.n1odit��of logemens individuals, than for the beautiful.tee & grace�extericure of the building.�~e fi to enrich their�works, they ernployent the mcf.my faillies, the mefmes molding s ,�& quantity in the.tres members, including laplufpart are�neceffaires in.the works deCharpenterie, nevertheless they do�iron.wind of fouvent that embelhffement those that ron made�stone.
The befoin that we had ?e do d1verfesfortes of ba.

BOOK�FIRST.
fiimens�a ciif Workers ontauffi efi:abli different.annuities proportions,�in order to have that convinffent to coutes strong buildings ,�felon their greatness , the strength, the delicaceffe & beauty�that one vouloic do paroifire; And these different proportions,�they have compof� differens Orders.
The�Orders that the former have efrablis in various times & by�the various encounters are the Tofcan 1 the Doric , the ionic,�leCorinthien & the Con1pofi.te.�What form each of these�differens Orders, dt laColonne with fa bafe& fon tent, &�the enta.�bly; c' eft to say, the Architrave, the Frife & the�Cor.niche.�Deforte that are grinding those parts that confiituent�in the bafiimens what is called � an Order ; And all the�Orders are differens the~ from each other only in the proportion of�these parties,
& in the figure of the capitals of the Columns.
Lorfqu�'we fefert of plufieurs Orders in an edi...: profits,they must efire�difpofez in such a way that the most delicate liver always pof��as the strongest & the Elusfolide.�Ainfi as the Doric one mtt�the ion:; as the ionic, the Corinthian, & furle Corinthian the�Com thumb: We fear auffi put the Corinthian or leCompofire as the�Doric; for the importance of dl, always put the less pe!�nt�deffus.�In the beautiful bafiiinens former, one sees nevertheless that the�Archite�tes have obferv� put the Ionic.be the�Dorian & the Corinthian , & the Corin thien as the Ionic.
Each�Order fcs m~fures special.�Vitruvius:
dt�the most ancient of all Archice�tes which nou S.
Has�iij,

Six�OF THE ARCHITECTURE, have the written.�It vivoie time�of Auguilc & a spineless fuperbes Edificesqui efl:oient then�Greece & Italy.�Those who one worked in the�last fiecles , it dl:.to say, lorfque eec Art dl:�rdl:abli with the other Arts , after efl:e as�abatu by wars, & by the invaftons of canede peoples who�one defol� the Grcce & the Icalic , those , I say,�one foivi fez enfeigne1ncns , & the examples they one�experience in the refies ancient.�But because they have found�a lot of difference between the mefures that the old trade marks gives�the various 1nembres of all Levels, & those of bafrimens�they voyoient, panny lefquels mefine it fe meeting of the great�di.fferences ; these Modcrncs have efr� au� fore di.fferens�entr' them , & have not kept a 1nefme rnefure.�There are�appearance that they [efont ainfi away from each other,�as for not having can.efire not well understood , as Vitruvius cH:ablit�in each Order a feule 1nefure, which should lead to this single�Beauty, that everyone research , 1nais who do cf Llunnc to.�uuviage1, that when the Or.vriers f�avent by the strength of their�efprit, & the games.
re�their jugcmenc , conduct all parts of a building, felon�fagrandeur, fa ficuation & the place, or ladifl:ance of oon the can�see.�For all those who have written of the Archite�ture have�fact of the reg the all particulicres that everyone has data�felon fon goufi: & fa connoilfance , if apu�anc as the�exe1nples of bafi:imens antique that they have seen, & therefore, however.�while we note that many fouvenc they do not have fas, well taken�1nefes.�& have it out very diffc_
L I V E R P R E MI�ER.�7.�are defined differently.�It c.: what Mr. Chambray was noticed in�p1rlanc of the Order Compofire that Phil.�of Lonne & Serlio difent�dl:re Colif�e, & they have reported the�of!received: However, Scamozzi & all those who have reviewed�the reHes of cc grand or.vrage , one recognized that what make two Orders�Co.rinthiens one as the other.�Palladio, who holds lepre.miec rank�ink the Modern, if efi:fi much deceived in what he has�given duTemple of Diane efi: in Languedoc, & not�in Provence comn1c he said, that if he does �coir not more faithful�in other chofes that we have of him, there ought to not take place�of aJoufrer a lot of foy in what he relates of the Works�ancient.�What n1oblige to say this.�do mefores�jul:es of this Temple that M� 1v1i.gnard Archite�te of the�Roy has foigneufe111cnt pnfes recently by the ordre expr�s de�~ionfieur Colbert On-Intendant of the Baihn1ens , but that it has�ddfei.appointed with a fi large exa�l:icude , that it was not�should any doubt the fa fidd1t�, which liver to see that�Palladio there avoic not brought meGne, hay, & that he�if in efi:ilo handed over to someone who does not acquita not h1en,�co1nme 11arrive fouvenc in these forces chofes ; because in what he�mefur� luy-mefine� Ro.to me it cil may efhe not�mefme.�This efl:to.
quoy I do believ't�it must always fe to rely on the report of those who cite�chofes ancient, mainly lorfque we f�aic they�haven't used alfez of time for the well mefurer, ny little�make a depenfe auffi confiderablc he eft necelfaire , puifque�we fouvent in them.:.
3�T�ARCHITECTURE,
written�of examples to the contrary to the raifon & to the principles of the�more effentiels that Vitruvius has fi well efrablis.
It�dt vray that the trade marks paroifr obfcur in rained..: linkers places�fon book, & it femble mef me otherwise in some cho{ba,�to a lot of excel.lens refres of bafiimens that we see ;�But can dl:reque when you will consider it well, & that we�review foigneufement the most beautiful refres year.tjques & the�raifons we pavoir those who have efi� the Authors, there�will not fi large differences; to Seal the Archire�tes�who have tra.vaill� since have be~ucoup changed in this�that is ob.fervoit before them ; Vitruvius condemned already to him.mefme�what faifoienr pluf�urs Workers in the te1nps that it has�compof� fon book.
The�Tradu�tion that Mr. Perrault comes to gift..: ner cfr fi�exa�te & fif�avante; the Notes are fi�sought-after & fi full of�crudition , that there are�place of efpea-er qn(" the pnhlic will nn trec; v. rand fe_�course ; & that after a work fi conGdcrable, there will�nothing more to deGrer to the intelligence of this trade marks that as�of fcavans men had tried to explain, but that Mr.�Perrault fcul has made clear & easy in all places�ojufqucs �prefent we do voyoic that difficulcez, &�a obfcuric� jmpcnetrablc~
CHAPTER

The�I V E R P R E M I E R.
CHAPTER�IT
Of�the five Orders of .Architet1ure.
J
E�does pretens not be icy when a Treaty of Architec.cure , but�grinding report fuccin��ement some chofe of�various Orders, of their members, & their mefures ; And mefme�fans review .which are the most jufies , to say in general�what strength we practice today huy furles ancient examples, tx�[u,r what Vitruvius & other Archite.?l:cs have enfeign�,�& particularly Palladio that lfs is one of the most famous of all�the modern.
CHAPTER�III.
Of�the OrdreTofcan.
The
Order�Tofcan, felon the common opinion, has� taken fon origin in the�Tofcane, one of the most confiderables parts of Italy, so it�guard persisted.re the name .�Of all the Orders it efi the more lim ple &�the more d�pourveu of ornemens : It lfs mef.n1e fi groffier that��we put rare1nenc by ufage, {ice no efi for any Baftiment�ruftique oil does dl: befoin a feul Order, or for any�great Building , con1me a Amphiceatr.e, or at.siu works�femblables.
Mr.�Chambray in fon excellent book on the Pa...: rallele d. e�the Arcbite.��ure aocienn(: with; the modern~,
13

Ten�D E L' A R C H I T E C T U R E, fepare other Orders the Tofcan &�the Compofire~ he said eilre from Italy.�It efiime that the�Column Tofcane fans no Architrave , eft the feule piece that�merire of dlre n1ife implementation & that can make this Order�recom1nandable.�This efr to it that it is the dc[entry of the�On Trajan�s column, which, he notes, excellence, & he said he had�fervi rule to the Column, Antonine , & a�another who was high in Confrantinople , to�the honor of the Ernpereur Theodofe , after fa vi.�toire�against the Seyches.�There is, however, apparen.the Column�Trajan�s has not eft� the pre1nierc that we have�dreff�e�l'honour of great men; 11n'not�long-time saw no in a in.law of Rome, a small�Column T of cane, con.tre which efroit the figure of a Raven,�with this
1not�the deffus, CORVIN: that marquoir vray-fembla.possibly that this Column�was elevated to Valerius Maximus, after�the a�bon it fit�la veu� army ~�;mloii.�& that c\ei; Roman..<.. c:~i-dhmt Sort .bun�111ilirairefous the Confulat of Furius & of Arius, in the year 405.�the�foundation of Ron1e , & lorfqt:t!�the Gauls entrerenr in Italy,�we saw before that the two years fe foffent attached, pick up�the Camp of the Gauls, a man of a size gigancef.that , that armed�avanrageufemenr , deffioicen con1.beats fingulier , the more brave�among the Romans.�Valerius accept~ fon deffi after having�asked 1a permiliion to the Confs.�And quoy, that the strength & the�size is extraordinary, this man , a gift.nafi fear &�terror to the whole world of e

The�I V E R P R E M I E R; n he fought to the veu� of�two armies.�But the Hifioriens notice c01nme a chofe�miraculous.leufe, a raven came unexpectedly melt for the�Geanc; & tantofi: the blinding of fes wings; rantofl: the bequecanc�, & luy scratching the vifage & the 1nains; &�tancofi:fcrepofanc as the Cafque Va.lerius, aida to�celuy~cy� win the vifroire as fon enemie that he killed as�the place : And this was in cerce occaGon it prifi: the furnom of�Corvinus, & that it was from fi confider� , that Augufie luy�fit dreffer a Statu� in the market Ron1e.�Gold foit�the Scacu�fufi:pof�e as the Column, therefore, I a. us.l�,�foieque the Column fu!l: built from the living�Valerius Corvinus , one sees by this that the one of Trajan has�not efi� the first that the Romans ayenc high�for 1narquerquelque beautiful a�l:ion; & that fi ron is efi:�fervi Order T ofcan, it eH-appa.. differently to caufede�fafolidic�.
The�Columns Tofcanes with their Bafe & their Marquee have usually�height ewpf diame.very of their groffeur prife bottom; The top�must efire decreased to a quarter of a fon dian1etre; The Piede.fiail�efl fore Gmple, & has only a 1noduleou d1ame.tre of height; The�Bafe which efi a derny diamerre of hauc,fe divife in two parries�equal, of which fe gives to the Plinth, the other fe-rest in�four.�There are three of them that are for the Torus or Wand , & the�quacri�n1e for the Lifiel or Lifieau autren1ent non11n��Belt , which in this Order grinding .fipartie of the Bafe ; for�in the other Orders, ~Ile is part of the Fufl: of the Column.�The�Cha pi-
B�ij
Aul�Ge!l, ). ,.�c. 11~
n�T� ARC HI TE C TURE, castle eft auffi a demy diameter of the�groffeur cfe the Column prife bottom, & fe divifeen three�by.ties, one for the Chart otherwise Carries, the the.tre for�the Ove, & the croifi�me fe parking in fepc, of which�the Lifl:el & the fix other the Colarin .�The Ailragale that dt at�dcif e , has a height of the nail.�ble of the LiH:el,who efl: crazy people Ove.

Vitruvius�does point of diffcrence between the Cha.piteau T ofcan & the�Doric at the mefures .,�but grinding for�regarding the orne mens.�Plufieurs Archite�l:es are strong�different.int of him as this big top.�It is necessary to read the Notes
tiv.�4 � ch.�Mr. Perrault as Vitruvius .
EXPLANATION�OF THE BOARD I.
I.�F I G u RE.�Colonnt.
Has�Piedtff al , 01~Z ocle.�E F11fl,or rif from column B Ba.fade�/11Co/,n"e. of which the high eff dimi?me.�C Flif}, Trunk, or�Pif of the F Cong!�11vec the Lijlel 011,Net.
Colon�nor'.�G .Ajlr,ig,1the.D Tent!11Colonne.�H�Throat,Gorgerin,A Necklace,A Collar.�E Architrave.�larin,or Fri/� of the�c/u,pitea11.F Frifl.�I Neck ot1 ~rt of round,O Ve, G Cormc!,e. or�Oettf avecfon F,let.
K�Abacus, Carries, Plin-the,
II.�F l Gu RE,
Liffea11�".f<.!!_arri.
Has�Piede(fal o" Zode.�The Architrave.�B Baseboard, Orle, ot1,�Ottreletde M Frifl.
/11B!tfl.�N Moulding 01t Cym11ifl Doric.�C Tore,Stick,ouBag11erte.�0 G11e1J/ledroite.�D Leave Efcape, N aiffirnce, P�L11rmier or Crown.

\ Ceint11reavec I Reglet, Li� Q_sim,::.e, Do11�jne or�Gue:t!..�gall or.�Lijlcau dNb,u of t., the right.

BOOK�FIRST �.. IJ
the�'3 � .
PLAN�one: .l.




G� F E


Has
14 D E L) AR C H I T�E C T U R E,
C�H A P T E R I V.
'Of�t OrdreDorique.
The
aorder�Doric was invented by the Dorians, a people of Greece.�~and the�Columns are Ifol�es & strong gantry, Palladio, their�gives �e high-ewpf Dian1erres of their groffeur ; 1nais fi�they are engaged in the n1urs , it gives them jufqucs to�eight Diameters, & sometimes more , including the Bafe & the�Tent.
The�Tent Doric has a height of a derny dia..: metre of the Column.�Its parts are the Abacus, the Ove, the Ringlets , the Colarin .�L,Airragale & the Belt that make the ddfous of the Tent�they are part of the Fuft of the Column.
L,Entablature,�this efr to say, the Architrave, Frife &
Cornice�, eil: more maffif & has more height than
in�the other Orders; square r d,ordinairc it has a qua
tri�me�part of the hauteu r of the Column of n1efme
that�the Tofcan; & in the other it is crazy.
wind�as the fifth part .
L,Architrave�has high a de1ni diameter cle Co�
lonne.�It efr compof� a feule Fafce or Fafcie &
d,a�Tcnie Olt Band in the crown; & for
orne�mens individuals, some of the Drops that make the
of!crazy�of the Triglyphs .�There are Archite��es moder.
nes�that put two Fafces to the Architrave with a Doric
to�the ilnitation some refres of baihmens that do
make no more�former ny n1e1lleurgouil:.

L I Y R E P R E M I�E R. rr
The�Frife with fon Lill-el , who dl: the plarre band
that�the fcpare from the Corniche, has three E]Uartsdu
diarnetre,�& has to ornemens the Triglyphs & the
M�eropes; n1ais there are a lot of fujerion to the
well difpofer: It�takes ITre Vitruvius.�L. 4.c. �
The�Cornice has the mefme height as the Frife.�~and the Columns have more�of such as fept diameter of the top, the Frife & !'Architrave have to1�fours�their n1e.fure regulated, one of a derny diamerre, & the other�three-quarters of a diameter: & the ftirplus that fact
l. t�that atri�me part of the Column , communication practices rejects as the�Cornice.
If�the Columns are fluted they are doing to the ordinary�bright-arefre; it dl: to say that there are point-of-Lifi:elon efpace�full between each Groove comn1e to those of the other Orders�, & the Cane.lures are au� less depressed.�It�must be
twenty�in number.

For�the Pieddl:garlic, Palladio, luy gives height <lous diam errec; &�nn tier s of the Column cfirp bottom ; & fefert of the Bafe�Attica.�It on the wall.It: by which we refie former bafrimens ,�he does have a point of Bafe in the Doric Order.
OF�ARCHITECTURE;
EXPLANATION�OF THE BOARD IT IS

N�Throat,collar, 6c.�the ch~.pitettrt.'Has F1tftdela Ccilonnefaim Bafl
0�Ringlets ,F iletJ or Lijluwx.
&favs�Cam; efore s
P�Neck or Ove.�Q_Ab1iqr1eou T aitloir.
II.�F l G UR E.
R�s,m, ifa ,faT 1iilloir.�S Second Fafle or F.-tj�ie of
Has�colonnecannel�e with.fitBa.
the Architr,we.
fi�/Jttiq11efans Ptedtjlal.
T�Premiere Fafle of the Arch.
II�I. F I G u R E. trAve.�V Go11ttesOie Bells quiA Zocle, Baseboard�or JJa-fl�tl Jontfous leTriglyphe.
Piedejfttl.�X Tenie, Band 011IJ4pde/ette, B, Dl, .f2_11ttrrl There Triglyphe.
011,�Tymflln d" Piedejlal. . .�Z Mttope qr/are filled in with a C�CornicheOHCymttifadu Walk-ufte of b~"f, 111 defeflons.�d1Jlttl.�has�Demymctope.�D Plinth M Zode /a,Bafl b tent�Triglyphe. .Attica.ʍ Moulding.�E Thore�inforiear , Stick 011 d ove 011 .!<311-rtde roml.�Bo(el.�e�C1J111onneOtt T. a. rmier.�F Sco 011, No. 11,celle11veclts f Drop; that�do dam the pltit.
de11x�Lijlem1x. .�bottom 01' Soffitde the Cornice G ThoreouB4-to"JerzetJ.r.�,w right of the Triglyphs.�}-I Belt Reglet with you Ef g Tejlede Lyon�q,J�rtdeGar.
cape. .�golle for the �gottt of uttx~ JCanneluru, of Colonnes1p11�& q11ieft pof�e d,u,s /ACor.are At high-11rejle.�niche a11droit desCotmne1, The .Reglet,Ceintt.1rc � b G�eutle�ren-uer{ .
with�you Efl11pt . .M /Jflrn,gate.�i G111uJJedroiteouDor1cme,
CHAPI TRE


I) OF The ARC H I T E�C T UR E ,
C�H A P T E R V.
Of�the Ionic Order
The
Order�Ion pulls fon n01n of !'Ionia Pro.:�vince of Afie; the Columns�with the Tent & the Bafc have nine diameters of the Column�prife below ; n' �roit not ain11 lorfque this Order was�invented, because they only had eight n1odulcs, or dian1etres�high.�However, the Former wanting to make that Order more pleasant than�the Doric, aug.1ncnrerent the height of the Columns , in y adjoufiant�a Ba[e, which efi:ico point in ufage in !'Doric Order.
The Enrablement�a fifth part of the han.;�tion of the Column, therefore, the�Bafe has a dernydian1etre, & the big top a little more than one-third.�The�Tent efi mainly compof� of Scrolls that the�ren.tooth differenr from all the other Orders.�It was raining.flowers�man1eres to hide the Swirls, as you can see in the Notes of�Mr. Perrault for Vitruvius .�Phil.�de Lorme said to have discovered�the first cel.the which fe practice today huy more�comm.generally,& femble fe complain that a few.each�if attribuoient the honour of fa discovery , to caufe�may-efi:re Palladio & Serlio have talked about it before him. ?v1ichel Angel has auffi invented a 111a.niere special�Volute.�The Columns Ioni.ques are ordinairen1ent fluted�twenty-four canneleurs.�It has yen that do creufes &�concave

BOOK�PREM IER.�19 that jufques to the troifi�me panic of the bottom of�the Colon.do, & this troifi�me part a fcs Grooves�re1n.(l)lees Baguetes or B�rons round to the�d1.fferen.the of the furplus of the top, which remains {hi� & cane�.. l� hollow & fully vuide ; Those who are ainfi�call rudent�esou redmt�es.It e. fl:vray that�ura~rdi .. in the old ba.fl:imens prefque all gran ~�:~c:~it~~: d~s Columns that are canncl~es do ~u h~ut juf:�;;,:rpi~!rc ques at the bottom, what Archue��es av01ent�invents uueco,~ to mark co1nme the folds of the robbes of fem-of.�or.es do~t they pr�tendoient that this Order had the
proporuons.�His Piedeftal has the top two diameters and two-thirds or approximately.
It�there are a lot of chofes that it is necessary to obferver in all parts of�this Order , for luydonner this beauty & the elegance�he asks ; what we can learn in the best�The-.ers & principale1nent in Vitruvius.
C�ij
OF�L,ARCHITECTURE, EXP LI C AT l ON THE PLAN SHEET.III.
I.�FI Gu RE.
Has�Bafl of the Colomu. .BF11ft of the Column Flri�e&
fluted.�C chttpite,mdel:i Column.�D Entabfrmmt q11icompr,nd
N�C1Jnnef11resde !ti Column.�0 Stri11reOlt LiJfet.�P ove M EchinellVec�the AF!ten�
gale�, Tondin o" F1tfarol!e""
d~lfo11sde�the ove .�Q�anal OIi crmx ln rofote.�R. Yo!11te.
J'.Architr4ve,Frifi�"Cornicht.S�eye!11Yol1tte.
II.�FIG u RE.
Has�zode da Piedejl,1!.
B�Bafe d11 Piedej.
C�Dice, Abacque or Eardrum dr,
Piedeft.it.�D CPrnicheoucymaiflduPie.dejf4/, E Plinth, orle ottOMeletde /4 B.:fl�of taCofOlinc,hungry Yi.drivers.
F�Second Scotie.
G�Rtmdea11;,c,Ringlets, Ajlra./(llles, 011Tondins.�H Premiere Scotie.�I�Thore yss Stick.�The Belt ortReglet.�M rif t,t Column.
T�Line call/the C11thete.�V Ab.1q11eou Carries.�X Premtere, loquacity,�& troi.jiefme Fafce 011Bande t�Ar.
chitrave.�There Cymt1ifide the Architrave.�Z Frif�.�has Scotie.�b Ove.�c�Modillions.
d�Cymteifldes :Modillions.�e Cottronne, Groover, 01, Go11.tiere.�f�cymaifi.�or r.,antle rrn'V(r:.. a fairy.�g Great Cimaifi , OIi�Ctul!t right.


L I V E R P R E M I�E lt.�:.1
cm:mr.
II.1?j
rI.Fi".
\
B
C
Has

1:.�D E L, ARC HI T�E C � U RE ;
CHAPTER�VI.
Of�the OrdreCorinthien.

C
And�Order was invented at Corinth.�It keeps the meGnes�mefures that the ionic; the largest �ifference that fe is�them dl: in their Capitals.
The�Corinthian columns with the Bafc & the Marquee have�ordmairemenc ten dia1netres ; he eft vray that Palladio & some�others do it as a gift.nent that nine & a half.�If they are�grooved they must have 1noins twenty-four�Grooves of which the depth will be half of their�width.�The LHl:elou efpace full fepare each Groove must�have wide, a third of the opening of the Cane.lures.�We can�give jufques� twenty-eight , or thirty-two felon the gro!flower�Columns & place oelles are placed; p;J. nce�if efr befoin of the f. 1.ire r1rni fl-re pl11c;gro"ec; it does not�need neq multiply the non1bre Grooves.
The�plufpart of the modern Authors do not give the Entable1nent,�it dl: tell !'Architrave, Frif� & Cornices ,�a cinqui�1ne of the height of the Co.lonnes whole ,�including the Bafe& the Marquee; But {i we v~ut take for�example refie of the most beautiful in Rome, particuliere1nent the�Por.tick of the Rotunda , }'Entablature will have more height; it efr�vray that it is necessary to have regard to gran.deur of the buildings�the parties above must dlre more puilfances,
L IV ER PR E M I E�R. 1;
The Tent will be�high a diameter , & 1'Abaque a fixi�me or fepti�me�panie dia.1netre of the Column supported by the bottom; the refre fe�di.vife in three parts , one for the first rank of Felles, &�the other for the fecond.�~ant to the�troi.fi�1neelle fe still share it ~n two ; the one that joined�the Abacus on the form the Swirls , & the other the Caulicoles.�It�must be that the Bells, or bright in the Tent that efr crazy Felles,�falls to lead with the bottom of the Splines of the Column.�The�Rofe must have wide and a quarter of the diarnetre of the Co.lonne taken into�the bottom.
The�Piedefral will be the fourth panie of the Column, & will divif��in eight parts, so one must efrre for the Cyn1aife, two for the�Bafe , & the other for the Dice.
J

2.~�ARCHITECTURE,
EXPLANATION�THE PLAN CHE IV
I�FI GU R E. G Scotie 6U Moulding ttvcc two Ajlragales ott Tondim�11udejflu.Has PiedcJf.tl Colonm Co-H Tore ore B�.your�jitperiettr.
rinthtennt.�J Affrag4feavec the ceint11re011 B BafeAtit]'lt.�RegLt1au dcffiu.�C�F1tjl t,i Column.�The FJfou F11Ifde t~ column.�D tent.�M�Affragale.�E Entablature.�N Fettiltu
I�1.�F 1 GU R E. 0 Ca11licotcs.. .�p Tymp1Jn,01,rif d"ch.1ptteA/J,Has�z ocle, orle 011 011reletdela Q:J.b4que.
B.,fl�d11 Piedefl.1l.�R Rofi.�B B11fid11Piedeftal.�S Fafte of the Arcbitrave.�C, Dice, Abacus, MTympa-n. T Frife.�Of Eaves of the�Piedeffal.�V Denticule.
E�Plinth ,orle or 011reletde the X c11ffesdes Rofls entrechatp11 Baft�the Colon11e.�1,foditlon.�F ThoreM B�toninferimr.�There�Modi/Jonr.
CHAPTER


16�The ARCHITEC'tUR E,.
CHAPTER�VII. .
'lJe�/'Order Compoflte.
The
Order�Con1 poGte has eΎ adjouft� the other gold.dres by�the Romlins, who placed the deffi1s of the 'Corinthian', to�see, that difencquel.ques Authors, that they�eftoientles Maifl:res of all other nations ; & that it was not�invented, and after that Augufre had given the paix��all of the Universe.
It�participates in the Ion�que & the Corinthian , but it eft yet�more ornate than the Corinthian , which is the fact fcmblctble�in all mefures & members, except that the capital�four Scrolls that take up all of the efpace that efl:remply in�the Corinthian, by the Volutes & the Caulico.the.�It has in addition to this�the Ove & the Fufarole that make parts specific to�the Ordr e Ion.�We still in the Buildings old &�modern plu-.�fieurs other heavy Capitals which do not convien.nent�as to this Order.
The�Columns Co1np0Gtes usually have ten �iametres high,�as the Corinthian.�Phil.�of

1.the f.�1� ch.�1.�Lorme that was hollow as those which are the latest Gold ...�dr. the Colif�e efioient Co1npofices, writing that they�are auffi groffes from the big top than at the bottom, which�n�efl: not nevertheless obferv� in the ancieoo Buildings�ol Entablature dl: auffi of the quarriefme panie of the Column.�But�Palladio does to him in the gift.not a cinquicfme part of mefrne to
The�I V E R P R E M I E R: 2.7 fOrdrc Corinthian ; it gives auffi to the�Columns a Bafe Attic or compof�e of !'Attica &�the ionic con1me the Corinthian : To the Piedefl:al it needs�have high the troifi�me part of the Colonne4
Zero�R coutes these .rnefores don't do so ar.reft�es,�they changentfelon the size of the bafi:unens.�Vitruvius�enfeigne con1ment we must make the n1embres Order of a felon�fahauteur: because the more one looks at the top & the more trouble�re.connoifhe the width & height of the parts of a Building.�C'�dl: why it depends on the judgment of the Archite�le to increase�ter or decrease i�s mefures, to give more beauty�& grace to fesOuvra.ghg.�Which efi: so vray that�parmy Anti.quicez who are in Provence, there is a Tomb that
Mr.�Mignard the Architc�le has!feign�depuis little with one hay�cost particular , whose Columns have no mefure arrefr�e.�There are ten of Order Com.pofite affez high�wear a small Dome ; &.�because they are couces ifol�es,�& as the day paf.fe to cofi�, they are fi gro!fes�than it has hau.tor that around eight modules, & however�make a .the effect admirable.
It�must auili have �gard�.the amount of the Colon.
�nes,�& put the differenceentre those who are merely in the number of�four, those who are fix or eight leaks.�ConGderer those who�are supported against any body, & those who are�ifol�es, or who are the extremitez , or the angles of a�RalH.ment, which must always e~re more gro!fes to cau-
D�ij

2-8�ARCHITECTURE, feque the air that surrounds it, in diminu� a�by:
tie�& the fact wall!l:re the more menu�s.
For�the Columns that are not whole, but.�which the two or troifief�me part of their specialist eft perdu� in the �paiffeur of�the wall, it is necessary to obfer.worm other mefures to those�who have road their roundness.�Those that are not feule1neat have efl:e�inven.before the decoracion of the walls , n1ais for�to make it even more forces & for fervir d' Anres, & of�Against the pillars to the pouff�e, in order to better foul�enir�the Vaults of the buildings ; & mef me to make it work�most excellent.�These ferres of Columns , when they are made of�neighborhoods of stones fe pofent by affifes, of mefine height as the�the stones of which the panels of the walls are con.firuics.�It can be in some�meetings make.�ornemens to the Columns & the Pilafrres, for�hide the joints, such as Ph.�de Lorme has been at the Palais des�Tuilleries.
EX�j>the latter's implementation OF THE BOARD V �.
l. F I G U R E, B�B. tfl.�C cl111pi1ta1t

ornt of ftuitlts.�Has�Piedej!�l. D O Ve a Ith te Fufarqf/e 1114 (B). B. tfldela Cqfumtt.
deffous.

C�F11ff.
E�rulMe.�D Ch4piteau Compujite.�F Carries ilo Abttque.�E�Entablature.
G Architr.111th.
l-1 Frift.
II.�F I G u RE.

the�Cor,,inner}J(.�Has the iedejh,l.
LlVR.~�FIRST: .
Ten�ARCHITECTURE,
C�HA P T E R V I I I.
Of�Pilaftres f5 Columns torfes.

IT�there are Columns quarr�es we call it
Pila!l:res,�& we believe in the dl:re what the ancient Authors nommoicnt�Columns �tticurzes , they are own at all�orders & r~receive the mefrnes ornernens.�We see the�encoigneures of the Porti.the Eglife of the four Nations.
The�Columns Torfes, such as we are doing pre .. fentement make a�modern invention ; & the Former, which furtoute chofe watched�the folidi.tee of their Bafumens, would never have�employee femblables, when mefme they euffent fervi that�ornamental; Because they wanted the na.ture & the�vray-femblance paruffent in all their Works, which do fetrouve�not in those strong Columns, and qtli have ny strength, ny a�figure of its own, has to carry a large burden.�Auflt n' one-they efi:e�a lot ufage that since we had made the great Columns of�bronze , which in the Eglife of flour Peter's in Rome.�Because it does not�need to Workers that a feul example of novelty to the�autorifer , & make them all for.te license fouvent�evil & against the raifon, as plufieurs have done�with respect to the Car.keys , of which one can say that they�have defigur� the Archite�l:ure , since they saw that�Michel Angels' in efroicfervi.�What makes vo~ that those who
The�I V RE P R E M I E R. 31 n 'efl:udient not the bottom of the Arr , &�that are not, strictly speaking, that copifres , & as�the {inges of others, not to imitate prefque ever that in this�they have done more wrong; Because this efl: not in this sense that Michel�Angel has appeared to be a exccllcnc Ar.chire�l:e; he had other�parts that are peutimi .. ter ; 1--do for these high d' ornemens�pefans & quite ridiculous, no one will find point�in the year.ciens Buildings, not more than the Columns Torfes.�P,1lladio said feulen1ent have obferv� a small Tcrn-t iv.�4.�ch ~r walk near the Trevi fountain, whose Columns Corin.thien�have grooves that run around the Full: but the stem of the�Column efr not torfe as cellesqu'it is at this huy, whose�Vignola described the vericable figure, & given the�manner.�the do.
EXPLANATION�OF THE BOARD VI.
Has�Pilajlres � C-Collar,mne T-orfe Modern-. .�B, Color - >m Torfi Friend�that.

L I V E R P R E M I�ER.�;3
C�H A P T E R I X.
Of !'OrdredesCaryatides,e5de the Order Per.flqtte.
0
Nother�the five Orders that I just rap.:�wear ,there are qm put�still have two f�avoir the Order of the Caryatids & Order�Perfique.�The first lfc other than the Ordrc Ion, & there is�no change1n~nt, except that instead of the Colon.nes, we 1nec of�Figures ds women who fouHien..; 1.1 nrw the entablature.�Vitruvius�atcnbu� the origin of this Order to the ruin of the inhabitants of�Carye , City of Peloponc[e. He said that if efranc states with the Perfes�to make war on their own Nation , the Greeks, after�you have set the Perfes in deroute & won as them�entire vi��oire, affiegerent those of Carye; &�they took their city by force of arms, he reduifirenc in�ash , & pafferent all homn1es to the sword.�Q!_ant to the women & girls they l~s emmenercnt captive s ;�but for laiffer of 1narques of their revenge to the�pofterit�, they reprefencerenc in the Buildings public�bafhrenc enfuicc , !'Image of these miferables Capti.ves , nwb the�faifant fervir of Columns, they pa.
. roiffoient responsible for a pefant burden, that dl:the ico as the�punishment that they avoicnt awarded for the crime of their�husbands.�The Order Pcrfique has been fon the beginning by upc meeting�fc:mblable; for Paufanias with dice.
. E
~ � T,.�AR�CHlT .EETUR fl,
is the Perfes ,�those of Lacedemone to mark their vi�toire ,.�leverent�Trophies of arms to their enemies , they�reprefenterent enfuice crazy figure of Efclaves bearing�entablemens of laurs may[ons.�And because�that one..had choifi !'Order Ioni.as for the Caryatids , as the�more convena.
wheat�the Figures of the women, the Archite�tes fefer-.
saw�auffi of the Doric Order fear y r-eprefenter.
the�Perfes.
It eft�as these two examples that it was from em~
bent�diverfes strong Figures in the Architelture ;.
p0ur�wear Corni<i:hes& for foufi:e desi
�onfoles�& of Mutules.�One sees in� the Edificesi
Gottiques�of these, forces deFigures with so many example
cez.�with little order & of raifon.�There mefme ap.
transparency�the Greek one is auffide these forces
Figures�different ways; puifqu' we see in ...
c;ore�old vefhges from d' Athenes oil is a.
Figures:�women whom carry panniers�as
lenr�tefte & which take the place of Caryatids.
They�mettoient even human Figures crazy�
the�Mutules or Brackets , & the appelloienc .At:..
las�[don Vitruvius ; the� Romans nommoienc
T. elamo-nes:�there have quelqae raifon to the Greeks of
lesappeller�dunom of Aolas that Po�tes have faked
foufl:enirle�Cielfur fes efpaules; but we do not see
why�the Latin lc:ur donnoient the name of Tt:!a.
my,�auffi Vitruvius luy-mefme do makes point rai~
fbn.Prom�due in fon Di�l:ionairefurVitruve f�mbw
a. voiraffez�well met , when he says that H y a.
apparenceque.�celuy that the pr~er's.efr krvi co,

The�I V E R P E R 1"1 I E R. 3r word to express Figures which�wear what.that burden has not ecric Tdamonas, but�-r>..n, �,0,:1.~ .,�this Greek word fignifianc of miferables &�people who endure the work , which should be by.faicen1ent to�these strong Figures who wear Ridges or Confoles, &�as we see fi ordinaire1nent the pillars of our ancient�Eglifes, crazy Images of some Saints or some
great�perfonnages.
EXPLANATION�THE BOARD VIIr
Has�o,dr.e Caryntides.�1 B11,ndum.
B�order Perjiq11e.�3 Key you nrc.
1 Imfofle.