To know the good trees in the forest, and how to choose them.
Chapter I.
 First, you need to know the four angles of the sky, otherwise the four parts of the sky.
world, knowledge is east, west, south and North, which can be done by a sundial,
having a magnetized needle or otherwise. And, entering the forest, one must not go to the West Side,
because in this part the wood is the worst and is commonly crooked, as abortifacient, subject to
to break, to warm up, to jarsures, to wear more Auburn than others, and more
early be spoiled and rotten as one who is taken in parts of midday, East and North. Conclusion,
I have never seen in France take wood on this side, which is usually hardly worth the
carpentry, and less carpentry, to be so prone to spoil. And knows himself, because he has the
twine of twisted Wood, going on both sides, so much so that it becomes frangible, what we see at
the bark, which is always full of dirt and goes through any planer. I'm not saying it doesn't
there may be some good ones here and there to be covered by some hill or
otherwise. If this side is usually the worst of the forest or Bush. And I'll tell you
more than I have seen many times, from experience in various places, than all I could
to find on the west side, both wood, stones, water from fountains or wells, and earth to make brick 
or tile, everything was never worth anything, or very little, at the price of what is found in the eastern part
and Northern. Mainly when it is at the foot, or against a mountain or hill, which
covers the North and East. And on this subject, some day, Please God give me the
grace, and may I know my present work to have been pleasant, I will write further, continuing
what is required to architecture. Where we will see that the buildings that many do on the side
of the West, are often in various dangers, not to hear how to train and pierce them,
and from what part they should be taken for the preservation of one each thing according to its
natural. Otherwise great illnesses and other inconveniences often occur
unknown to the inhabitants as to those who make the lodgings. Some say Well: "this is a
unhappy house, one is always sick or unlucky", and do not know that it is. But
sometimes I will show it, with the help
of the creator, and would have done it long ago, had it not been the great occupations and affairs that
I was detained. Where also I will not forget to highlight what is required of the architect and
this makes for the perfection of buildings. Here I must confess that God has made me so much
although as soon as I wanted to do something, I felt incontinence his goodness, which has
given rather the way to do it that I almost had time to excogiter and order
drawings, of which alone I give thanks, praise, glory and honor. Now I come back to the
knowledge of the goodness of the woods. It should be noted that on the south side, the trees are better
nature only on the side of the West. However, to be located in warm parts, they may have
the mood so dry<e> that they are never so beautiful coming than those on the east side and
north where you have to go to get the best. For the cold parts, as are
those on the north side, keep the food of the woods in greater abundance, and there
are the moods of trees better distributed, cooked and digested.,
obviously, because they grow higher there, and are larger and of a straight thread, having the bark
almost united with little Auburn [sapwood]. But they are prone to yawning and cracking if they are
flows and parts incontinence, for the great humidity that is in them. And when they get
so early, carpenters say that this is the strength of wood and its goodness, and that the best
trees do so, which is true, but those who cut them do not hear their nature, do not
when you have to cut them. So to avoid such things, I will talk about it below. The trees of the
east side are better than all other parties, which should always choose said
side, as also from the North, and through the middle of the forest and bushes, or other places, be
mountains, hills or valleys, always taking the most of those who have looked at the parties
eastern and northern, or which are in the plain heavily covered with large amount of trees
parts of the south, and most, of the West. And to cut them, usually, the time is by the month
November, December and January, for that at that time they have less SAP in them, and
are too healthier than the rest of the year. And it seems to me that at this time, I find them
always by the middle of the tree a more temperate heat than at the circumference, between the bark and
the Auburn [sapwood], where it is little wet for the sap that has fallen from it. What is also observed
when the moon is in the background, so that all things at that time have less moisture.
Also, it is necessary that the west wind blow when they are shot down, for this makes them great offense
to get into the pores, which causes them to crack and corrupt all. Other things should be observed
who would like to imitate and follow the teachings and preaches-
[f. 2v°]
ptes of mathematicians and others. But I do not want to talk for this hour, if not about what I have
makes the experiment. When I was dealing with trees for carpentry, I ordered the
carpenters in months on appointed cut by foot the trees all around, and so strong before
that there was very little left to support them, thus letting them cut, until I screwed
that there was no more water coming down from the trunk of the tree, which was sometimes so great that it
it looked like a small stream that passed there, mainly when the Carpenters cut
said trees earlier, and in other months than I had told them. I found them even better at 
when, from the beginning, all the branches were cut to the top of the
trunk, for what there was not so much mood that descended through the big stem, or trunk. And by
this way, was the earlier tree ready to complete cutting. But, incontinence, you have to cover that Rod
from the top of clay earth, so that it does not catch wind, until all < e > the mood in
be lowered by the notched foot. Otherwise, all parts would split at the end
when we charge them. When the moisture does not come down, it is necessary to complete the felling of the tree.
But if you want it to be used for carpentry, you do not have to square it so soon, and when it will be,
he must not touch the Earth. Then you'll charge it when you have to. When you
stack it, put small sticks in between, like scraps of lattes, so that the wind can
go everywhere. And being under cover, it will dry incontinence, without splitting or gasping or jacking.
Theophrastus, and other authors, both of architecture and of agriculture, have written several ways of
cut down trees from which the ancients used to. Those who are curious will be able to see them. Of
this and other things I will speak, God helping, to the book which I have purposed to write to perfect what
is required to architecture. It is enough for me, for this hour, to hear what I have known by
proof be good for our new invention, and more required for the kingdom of France.
No one meant that trees should be buried when they were felled, and that makes them
stronger and thicker to wonders. Many also attest that it happens to any tree only if one
buries it in a wet place, being still in its green, this makes it a perpetual duration. But,
whether it is buried, or otherwise, we must keep it in the forest and not touch it for three months all
in less time can not acquire firmness, as it is required to put it in
work. The reason is that it is given time to consolidate. But when it is at this point
prepared, it must be put out, and then dried in the sun, being the moon around it, and this
especially after noon, even four days after said Moon has begun to wane.
However, if during this time the
wind from noon Drew, and mainly that of the West which is the worst, many are of such opinion,
NSAIDs expressly defend that Wood should not be exposed to air. If time shows itself specific to the
shoot, it is necessary to take care only that it does not touch the dew, if it is possible, and especially that it does not
falls over some white jelly, which is meant when it is cut off, or it is too dry
in and out. Because then it is not necessary to saw it, not to frame in any way, that time does not
be clean and beautiful, as much as it could spoil soon. However, following our new
invention, it is not necessary to have such curiosity, but only cut the trees as I said above. About which I have willingly written, and given no precepts and teachings,
part experienced and diligently tried by me, part also taken from our books
architecture. But who would want to write everything here, we could make a large volume. By what I
I am silent for this hour, for what everyone has the opportunity to see the said books by the menu, when
he'll want to. I'm not saying, When we want to do something curious and something
excellent carpentry work, that it is good to observe all that one can to have
drink on purpose. But for the woods of our so-called invention, do not be so curious. Because all those
which could not serve by the above, and which was deemed nothing but to burn, will henceforth be
all good, as I will deduce below, God helping. I will say more, that you can
cut whenever you want, provided it is from October to April, without
observe the elections that mathematicians and architects show us. Because to be so
small pieces we will say, they are less prone to cracking and spoiling. For which thing
avoid the former took elections, which would be very good here to be able to observe well.
Which trees are convenient for our invention,
and from which we can now help ourselves in various kinds for buildings.
CHAPTER II. 
You no longer have to deal with large trees to make breakouts, rafters, legs of
strength and other large parts, but only ais, which are used to make doors and windows,
and are good to implement that they have not for at least three years passed. At this time,
as they will come from the forest, will be good to employ in such ways as you will see
[f. 3v°]
below. As long as the standing wood does not shrink, and because of its breadth and thickness, that it
retreats as long as he wants, it can not bring harm. I'm not saying that when the Woods will be
dry, let them always be better. But here you will implement them as you will,
when you're in a hurry to dig. And instead of Oak, let there be Beech.,
oak, poplar, Linden,ash, alder, pine and fir trees that are better,
and very good chestnuts. Also, for Provence and Languedoc, and elsewhere where there is lack of wood,
whether we put wild or domestic olive, walnut, and others as it is found
enough depending on the convenience of countries. And as far as each of these trees is of nature
various, for this must also be applied to such carpentry various ligatures (as all
kind spirits will be able to consider, depending on the nature of the woods), and make the pieces shorter, longer
or thicker, and know what nature can do to such works that will have to do from
various ligatures. I would still show other kinds of wood, was that they are not in this
Kingdom, and if would deduce their nature, but on this see Vitruvius, Leo the Baptist, Theophrastus,
Caton, Pliny, and others who deal with it very amply. However, waiting to write longer
what will be clean and more required for buildings, here I will briefly tell what I experienced from it
by experience. It is that all trees that are short and arched are harder to cut than those
who are tall and straight. And white woods are less massive, lighter, more treatable, and more
easy to cut and assemble better than all the others, but also are they all frangible, at the
less than any other. All the heavier ones have more thickness, so are they more
difficult to trim than light ones, to hold more body in itself and have a tighter mass.
For the more a mass weighs, the less frangible it is, and the more you see a tree
Madre, more is it restricted in itself. Also the trees to which nature has given a long time to live are
keep corruption longer than others implemented. And when I did cut a
tree all around the foot, as I said above that it should be done, I found that the one that made
less SAP was more vigorous and powerful to bear load than those who rendered
great mood. The worst thing I found in a wood, is what the Latins call
alburnum, and we Aubur [sapwood]. Because from there comes the wood vermin and powder for
the worms that are born in it, and spoil not only its part, but the other wood to which it touches. And
for this, whatever kind of work it is, it is always necessary to remove all the Auburn [sapwood], and
only endure that the workers employ it in any way they could do. I also found
that the heart and middle of the tree is stronger than the sides, similarly more
f. 4
subjects to crack and not break. And to know when a tree is felled, whether in and at
heart it is healthy, after cutting off the tips, you have to take a hammer and hit by one
iceux. And if someone putting his ear against the other end, hears the deaf and Broken Sound, it's
sign that the body of the tree is in it vicious by rot, or otherwise. But if the sound is
clear and well resonating to the ear, it is a sign that it is very good, healthy and whole. I would produce enough
other experiences I have seen, but as things will turn out to do well
to hear our work, I will not forget them. For the greatest desire I could have is to
do pleasant thing to my Sovereign Prince, and useful to all who are near His Majesty, and
also beneficial to the whole Republic.
Advice to architects and master masons, carpenters, and carpenters who will want to help themselves from our
invention, and why it was found.
CHAPTER III. 
 My friends, what moved me to seek this invention was not for profit, nor
less to bring harm to anyone (as I knew no one wanted to say,
giving to hear to one each what they could with a bad contentment) but rather for the
need for large woods that are no longer found in France, and if none are found there, they are strong
and also that in various places of this kingdom, it is not convenient to build for lack of
wood and nowhere for lack of stones. And for this it is necessary to find such inventions, that where will be
the need for one, the other satisfies. Like, where there will be only wood, only for this the
buildings remain to be done, and also where there will be only stone, which is found invention
to make floors and stone covers, and where there is little of one or the other, that one
find the remedy clean. So can be done by this invention, which will not only
profitable to those who build, but also to all of you, to have the convenience of doing more
three hundred. By this means, you will earn more
that you do not, with what you will not need so many gears and ropes, not so great cars
as you used to, that you will be a great savings. And, by the way I you
write, can hear this new invention so colloquially that you can make it
a lot of ser-
[f. 4v°]
vices to the Lords.
Warning you that those who have good minds will still find themselves other ways, as I think an infinite number of kinds, or even more than I would know
write long time, which you will see, as well as it will come about to put them in
light. And be not as any who say, when they see a thing that they
do not hear, that it is worth nothing, and that it is not the custom and way of doing that they have
learned, always wanting to dwell in their old skin and ancient customs, which is all the
contrary to a kind spirit who desires to know and hear all good works to help himself and
faithfully serve those who give him to gain. And you want to warn that when I was resolved and
assured of such an invention, I left her without daring to speak of it, fearing what I have seen since. Because
one could not believe it, appearing to be an impossible thing, even to the workers whom I had made do
the covers of the Château de la Muette in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, having ten toises wide
in it work, who could not believe it good until that said castle was perfect, and when
that they saw the experience, could hardly praise it enough. And what caused me to put this in
light was partly to avoid the ruin of said Castle Of The Mute, as far as one does not
could find invention to make the covers because of poorly made and stupid walls, which
could not endure stone-cut covers, also no Terrace in any places, such as
I had shown and ordered to do two pavilions on the front. And if the whole thing had been made of
carpentry, it had worn even worse, for the large amount of wood and large pieces
that it was necessary, difficult to find in such large and tall trees that the work required. Which would
been so agitated by the winds that it would not have been possible for such coverings and masonry to
fall to the ground, at least that they might last long, for the walls that were already
corrupted nowhere. For it must be understood that said Mute is a castle that has seven
the pavilions, of which the middle one has ten toises out of twelve, and on the four corners, in every place thereof
at one of five square toises, the other two are in the middle : one serves to cover the staircase, and
the other to the chapel, where there are very bad masonry, which could not have carried the carpentry
which we had used to do, for the wrong way and great height which has about eighteen
or twenty toises. And we must not forget that there should have been an expense, both for carpentry,
fittings and plumbing in the large attic only from the middle, ten times more than there is
fallu, and Slate twice as much. And, seeing that time did not allow to depend so much money
because of the wars, it made me deliberate to look for another way for great profit and
utility of all. So much, that it will be a great
f. 5
praise the King for doing so great good to his kingdom, testing such invention,
which will not only benefit the great lords, but also the whole people. In addition to 
fame that will spread by foreign nation, esquelles carry, as I have seen, such
ways of carpentry by several men who have taken the drawings, measurements and models
for this purpose, until they have been sent to Italy, Germany, Spain and several others
place. What I know for having made more than a hundred models and a large number of
p < or>traits, without those that the workers made and do every day. So, my friends, I
you have kindly deduced from which came such business, together the convenience and profit that in
draw. I speak to those who want to learn and help themselves, and not to those over-caring who
think they know too much, or want to make them grow that they are very skillful and well-heard.
But the works show it, and who knows better, who does better, I will never be married. Now, my
intention is to do the service of my very Sovereign Prince and Princess, and profit and
decoration of his kingdom, if I may, with the help of God. Above all, I advise and pray that
serve faithfully and have the fear of the Lord, who is the beginning of the sciences. And do not
do like fools who despise wisdom and instruction. I say this, as far as I can see
many who serve only by term of gain, and care only to touch money, being to them
a whole lot if they can have it. How they have little honor before their eyes,
and for this are no longer rich, but still in trouble. And if they amass some goods, their
successors, to be poorly acquired, depend on them madly, and are often the cause of their ruin and
loss. If you do something right and wisely by work, the sudden work will get rid of
but if you do it out of covetousness or ignorance, it is not necessary
hope that evil, and evil done will always accompany you. For all evils remain
unpunished, like all unremunerated benefits. So if you want to believe me, you will use
my advice and will serve faithfully. If no carpenters wonder, or other workers doubt
in such a way, finding it difficult, that they learn this beautiful saying Of The Great Alexander: "to people
preux nothing is too strong or difficult, and in couards, all well-equipped places are not insured enough ".
In such a case, to all men of good understanding and bold, is nothing impossible, to
lazy and Shy who do not want to learn, all things are in doubt, and do not serve such
that to medire and resume everything without knowing anything to do, or very little. I would write more,
was that too much diligence is always praised, being delay of work and cause that the
more obscure, and more boring matter.
How to proceed to make the carpentry of our invention: with warning of the mistakes that we make to the
buildings, both for the iron used there, and for the stones poorly implemented.
CHAP < ITRE> IV.
First, you will consider the walls where you will want to make your cover, and the place,
if it is square, round, oblong, triangular, Octagon, Hexagon (which the workers call pan
cut) or bias, or other shape and figure. As far as such works can be done
easily of some forms that are the place and the walls where you want to do it. And when said
walls would be hardly strong, to have large < e > thickness, it is enough that they are good
matter, not to be scarcely loaded, not pushed apart as it is done by all
common carpentry. And when you make the said Walls of nine, there is no
need to make more than two feet thick for a large building, and for the least,
when are in the cities, one and a half feet, or twenty inches. If it weren't for some grand palace
or castle, which had more than three floors, in what must the architect have judgment of him
give three and four feet thick, depending on the work he will have to do. But before that
it seems to me to be beneficial here to propose any mistakes that are committed by the member states.
buildings, mainly in Paris and around. So so, I advise the master masons not to do
as no one does in said Paris and neighboring places, building so that the beams
support the walls. Contrary to what should be, because the walls must support the beams
or wear them. And without the beams, often said Walls would fall, which are retained by
great bars of iron, and great Keys which they put on said beams, through walls, 
at the right cut stone chains, so that the walls do not recede. In this there is a great abuse
that the workers do. For if they had given them the work to put iron in it, they
would be forced to make the walls better and larger in size and strength than they do.
The stone ligatures of size would be longer, and the masonry of moellon better
masonry. For under the shadow of iron and plaster, they hope that their work will last too long.
I saw another great evil happen to the buildings, to put iron in the masonry and
with the cut stones, because the
f. 6
iron rushes, and tangles, it swells and breaks the stones and walls that can not last
at length. From this, we will take for example the Ivy from which the roots tied and taken in
walls, attract and gnaw the substance of the mortar. And as they get fat, they get
make room, backing the stones that have no mortar and thus make them ready to fall.
What seeing, no one has made this d<E>aims: Inimica amicitia, that is to say " enemy friendship »
or " What Loves Me ruins me." So is it iron, which evil masonry likes, from
afraid they will fall, but in the end, he gnaws at them and ruins them. Doing everything as well as said Ivy,
who, having finished destroying the wall, and having laid it on the ground, having nothing
to support himself, is forced to fall on the way. Which, after walking on it, is
cut for the hindrances he can make, and by so he dies as he made the wall die.
Similar thing happens to any men, who under the shadow of friendship, supports or alliances with
others, they draw their substance from it, and make them die of trouble and poverty, thinking to earn it
many. But after sucking and drawing from them to the blood, they stumble and are brought to naught
by the Will and justice of God who does not want evil to remain unpunished. And to return to my
to say, besides the great fault, which the Masons make putting iron to the buildings, they make it a
other when they implement the stones in all kinds, both standing and flat, of which it is
sometimes great damage to buildings has occurred. For the stone, to be strong in work, it
she must be laid on her bed and flat, as she grows in careers. Like wood, which,
when it is implemented to carry great gravity, and that it is of a standing wood as well as it
grow up, there's nothing stronger. But if it is flat, it will plow of itself, or break if it is loaded.
So are stones, for sometimes it takes only one to crack or break the whole
building, for failure to have her masonry on her bed as she grows in her career, as I have
seen several times and hardly knows the fault. Some think it is of the foundation,
the others, for that matter. But this is not my intention to want to talk about masonry for
of this new invention, for which, when
walls, it must be borne that there is no iron or hardware. Now let's come to our saying
carpentry. If a beam is rotten, what ruin and retention of the wall should be done ? And what
spending to hand over another one ? Which is in no way necessary for our so-called New
invention. And on this subject, I will say that word. I know a House of the King where the beams are not worth
nothing, and on top there are so large fittings that go through the walls and hold the gates-
[f. 6v°]
if other beams are to be placed there, in great danger
will be said galleries that they do not fall or that they do not deny at least, and there
it will be appropriate to overspend. And if he who is in charge of it is diligent and hears
well, what about his condition ? We'll have to do it all over again. And what worse is, who will want it
redo as it began, will not last any longer than it lasted. I meant this
for the benefit of those who build; by what will he take care of it. I take back our
present statement. When you are on the highest floor where you need to make the blanket, you will rise
your wall, above the floor, three feet high, which will be about the height of the
window sills, if you want to do it from the sides, or the windows to the gable. And this
being stopped, you will still make the masonry two or three feet higher, for
to make an entablature and to carry out coyals of a carpentry, as well as you will know by the drawings shown below. And take only half of the wall from the outside to do this, as you see 
marked B in the first figure below. The other half of the wall thickness will remain low by
three feet more than the other, Signed C, where will be placed a wooden platform having width of one foot
or ten inches, and thick eight or nine inches. Which will have several mortises made of
two feet in two feet, as you can see at the places marked D, two inches wide,
three depth and half foot length. And mortises that are at the corners and by the
middle, as seen at places marked E, will be wider and longer when you there
you'll want to make the blanket croup. So that instead of two inches wide, they
shall have three, and in length, nine or ten, so that the curves which shall be in these angles and by the
the two together are one inch thicker than the others, for what they wear
more load, for other curves that assemble and lean on, like you
you will know better below when we talk about croups again. I do not want to forget here to warn you
what should not take any trouble, if from the first side when reading do not understand our work and
invention, which does not depend on one or two chapters and figures, NS of several well-repeated and
conferred together. By what, who will want to hear us, must patiently read and
diligently discourses everything, not forgetting anything. During this time, you will be able to judge something
thing from what we wrote above, by the plan of this figure.
As the curves and hemicycles for making the attic begin to assemble on the walls.
Chapter V.
 You can see how our new invention is beginning to implement. And
to continue, you recognize in the following figure as the hemicycles started and
signed G are based on platforms marked H, and pi<è>these what is made of
the hemicycle, only four feet long, eight inches wide, as you see at the scene
marked F, and an inch thick, which you can take as well by buying your wood,
if it doesn't come to you about
[f. 7v°]
they are made of ais used by carpenters to make doors, or of AIs of coalmen, as are
those that are brought to Paris to the ships to hold the coal, of which no great account is taken
to implement, mainly for exquisite things, and such ais are very good. And when they
twelve feet long, you shall make three pieces, each of which shall have four feet. And
if they have six feet, the two feet that will remain will be to make the little curve piece that
will begin on the foundation of one side. For that as well as the ais are assembled together
against the others, one piece will have only two feet, and the other four. By this means, the
commissures will go in links, and will not lie against each other, as they must
be to make the ligatures better, and also to have a better way to remove them, and put back
other pieces, when you want, as long as with time they can spoil and rot,
even if we leave them uncovered, as sometimes the bad Housewives do. He is strong
easy and easy to care for them, which you can well know by this figure, and others
that will follow. For one will teach and help the other.
The way to know more easily the parts as they must be cut and assembled to make the hemicycle and
curves of our new invention.
CHAPTER VI. 
 I put below the larger pieces, so that we can better know how they are
must be assembled with each other, which are pierced all through by the middle
and at the two ends of the end, mortise-like, as you see at the places signed K and
similar places. And such punctures have four inches in length, and a little more than one inch
of width, to serve and pass through the ties which bind and hold due said ais for
make the hemicycles. Which LIers will be of such length as you will want, and as
find the woods by the way. As for me, I would like to find them only at the ease of what we do the
curves, and saw them long, having one inch thick as said ais, and four of
width. And if there is some small piece of leftover wood, will be used to make the keys and dowels. I
say this to make it known that anyone who wants to think about cutting wood well, will know nothing
lose, and there is so little room that does not serve. It is necessary to Pierce said liernes so dexterously to
put the keys that mortises lie to the right of each curve from the sides, when
they will be laid by the pertuis or mortises signed K. and to the sides, must put said Keys
which will have two and a half inches in width and one in thickness. And the length will be as much as is the
width of the curve of the hemicycle, as well as you can see in this figure at the places marked
L and T, which are the keys and mortises to put them. And they must be hunted to great lengths
hammer blows, in order to hold the parts in such a way that they cannot be disassembled,
do not go here or there, with incredible strength, which is there. And will wear a hundred times more than have
case they're carrying. It is not to be feared that the winds may offend them, nor that they
can undo themselves. And when the third part of the curves and hemicycles
would be removed, or rotten and broken, what would remain would be strong enough, and to last longer than the
carpentry that we used to do. I say more, when all the ais would be split
all through in two or three parts of their entire length, depending on the wire of the wood, they would still be
strong enough, and more than necessary, to carry what they have to carry blankets, or slates
or tiles and again stones
f. 9
size, who will want, for what they wear wooden tip. Such a way is too stronger than it does
would be necessary, and would do well unless, however it is the best. Because a work does not
can be too good, nor can a man be too virtuous. What you can
judge by the figure of the strength of the parts, which you see below.
As the pieces of the curves are shown when they are all assembled in their hemicycle with their LIers.
CHAPTER VII.
 The most perfect and capable figure of all is the round, from which this is taken
invention, as you can consider by the following figure, which I have depicted on the
walls of the entablatures, without putting it almost between the walls, as I showed above, in
the figure of the fourth chapter. You can put the hemicycles on the walls if you want, without
between said Walls by
[f. 9v°]
the force that is in them. For, being thus assembled with their LIers, they cannot push this
there, or very little, mainly when the building is not of great width, as far as their
Gravity Falls plumb on the walls without pushing out. I'm not saying that if said
hemicycles were cut stone, which would have to load and masonry their shoulders. But, being
from wood, lianas hold everything due without pushing. And so you can see how
all the parts of the curves are assembled, and perfect the hemicycle with their liers and keys
who hold them due. As you can easily judge by the sequence figure, in
which you see the places marked P that are to put the pegs to hold the pieces
curves, until they are implemented. I do not want to forget, how much that 
many are aware that all the committees and Assemblies of the House are drawn from the
the centre of which the hemicycle is made, and so any other commissures and
joints, which should always be drawn from the center of which the circumference is made; otherwise,
they would not be good, as you will know both from this figure, and others below.
f. 10
[Illustration]
 When you assemble your curves to make the hemicycles, as I said above, it
you have to peg one piece against the other. But it should be by strong small pegs,
and let the holes be like the tip of the little finger. And not suitable to put them by large
force, so that they prevent the joint and corners of the curves from playing one
on the other of their length and width, at the end of the pieces. I would not put any, was not
that it helps strongly to assemble and implement them well. After the
[f. 10V°]
everything is laid, I would be glad that the said ankles were outside; however it does not harm nor
helps, if not when it is necessary to change some room that is rotten or spoiled, because it maintains
the work until we put another new one in it. I have shown above that at the
marked P, in the places esquels there are small dots, must put said pegs, what you
can be even better known by the figure below put in the same mark P, to the pieces of the
curves that are figuratively larger, so that one can have better knowledge of them. It
it will be very good to put as few pegs as possible, so that the said pieces of
curves are so corrupted, and that they can play more easily on their joints and
commissures. What is easier to know by the following figure than by too large writing,
which I held back so I wouldn't need.
Like hemicycles, liernes, and diagonals, when you want to make croups to the covers,
show themselves in their plan between the walls.
CHAPTER VIII.
 As far as no one could find themselves who would like to make such coverage as they
would not hear, to know is to lengthen the curves of the angles, to that end they do not find anything
difficult, I will put them here the way they should do it. First, what to hear
such elongated curves, it is necessary to know the plan of the whole work to consider the ascent that
in must be, as in this figure you can see, in which the lines that are of all the
op width, Make in their rise the semicircle or hemicycle which is marked OQP. And this
serves to make all hemicycles and curves that arise equidistantly by parallel lines
(of which the separations are as wide at one end as at the other) and are based on the same
height to level. And all the curves that must be at the places marked R, How many
that they are only part of the semicircle or hemicycle, to end against the diagonal which is N
and V, they will be made of the hemicycle without any other line. And provided it is the same distance
from N to P, and N to T, the curves of the semicircle OQP will be used for those signed R,
like we said. But, from N to V, which is the diagonal line, there's a lot more
of N to P, for this the oqp hemicycle could not be used, and could not be
all of a coming with the Compass; by what it is necessary to do as I will show in the figure
following this one. And note Well the plan of this figure, so that you heard better in
the work as the liernes pass through the curves and hemicycles. So that when they
would like to push the work one way or the other, they always push on the strength of wood
standing, almost as do the curves, either in the rise of the hemicycles, or crosswise as
go the liernes. The wood hardly endures, except on the strength of said standing wood, what you
can see to the LIers that are marked X in the following figure. 
[f. 11v°]
[Illustration]
f. 12
To know how it is necessary to make the curves on the corner,
and all the elongated look to make the crusts of the covers.
CHAPTER IX.
 You can consider in the following figure < e > that the line AB, which contains half of
the width of the building in the work is only as long as the diagonal AC, which cannot make the
compas all of a coming to the BDE hemicycle; otherwise it would be higher than said hemicycle,
and some other kind of circumference, and could not be agreed to make the covers United, because
in one place they would be low, and in the other higher, which would be very wrong thing about, and
even worse thanks to see. But, to make all hemicycles and curves be
be straight and level through the middle at the top of the ridge, you
will make the curve circle that is since BDE will be divided into as many parts as you will want,
or as long as the pieces of wood you will have to make them three feet and
of four, or so it will be about you. As you can see I have divided all said
hemicycle and curves in nine equal parts, half of which is marked BFGHI. And
points where the said letters are, you will draw plumb lines perpendicular to the line
EB, continuing them until the diagonal AC, of which it is a question of making the elongated search.
After that you will draw the cuts and commissures coming from the Center marked A, which will be
such as IK, HL, GM and FN. Then you will do the same as you did, when you plumb them
perpendicular to the line EB, continuing to the diagonal line AC, as have
made of others where the Perpendiculars are marked with the same letters as the curves of
the hemicycle, such as IK, HL, GM, FN. Having done so, you will draw a line in such a part that you
want. But in order to make it easier for you to hear it, we will help ourselves from the EB line, on
which you will pull your Perpendiculars so that they are at a right angle and
parallel, or if you want me to speak like the workers, well squared and gauged. Then from the
length of the AC diagonal, you will put the spaces and intervals as they are marked in
figure. First so you will take with the Compass the space that is from A to I, and
the (sic) will report to EO, for this will be its distance and length. As also from AK to EP, from AH
to EQ, from AL to ER,